Çukurcuma

The area of today's quarter remained uninhabited in Byzantine period. During the Conquest of Constantinople (1453) Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror is said to have initiated a Friday prayer in the valley. The Turkish words "çukur" for valley and "cuma" for Friday led to the term "Çukurcuma" which is still used today.[2] The Muhittin Molla Fenari Mosque should also go back to Mehmed. The current wooden structure was built between 1541 and 1547 under the architect Mimar Sinan on behalf of Shaikh al-Islam Çivizade Hacı Mehmed Efendi.

In the 19th century, starting from the İstiklal Caddesi - boulevard Pera's civic houses mainly European Revivalist style also expanded to Çukurcuma. In addition to ethnic Turks, not only Armenians and Greeks lived in the district, but also Western Europeans, who established schools, hospitals and diplomatic missions here and in the neighboring districts. The Liceo Italiano “Galileo Galilei” has been in the district since 1882, as well as the Greek Zoğrafyon-Gymnasium and the building of the Greek Consulate General on the edge. The 1955 Istanbul pogrom hit the neighborhood accordingly. Almost all Turkish Greeks and many Armenians subsequently emigrated.

Front of "The Museum of Innocence" in Çukurcuma

The district has retained a certain multicultural European character and is known for its antique shops and cafes and is sometimes referred to as the Bohème district.[2] The electorate is different from the majority of the Beyoğlu district CHP. In 2008, Orhan Pamuk published his book The Museum of Innocence, the action of which takes place in Çukurcuma. In 2012, Pamuk opened the museum of the same name in the district, which was designed by the German Sunder-Plassmann architects. The museum was recognized as European Museum of the Year in 2014.[3] The Guardian devoted an article to the district in 2008.[4] In 2012, the newspaper described Çukurcuma as one of the five best places to live worldwide.[5]