Agence des participations de l'État

Agence des participations de l'État (APE, literally "State participation agency"), created in 2004 under the government of Jean-Pierre Raffarin, is a French national public administration[1]. The agency exercises, while ensuring the patrimonial interests of the State, the mission of the State shareholder in the companies and organizations controlled or owned, majority or not, directly or indirectly, by the State.[2][3]

Agence des participations de l'État
Government agency overview
Formed2004
JurisdictionFrance
MottoIncarner l'État actionnaire
Employees53 (2018)
Minister responsible
Websitewww.economie.gouv.fr/agence-participations-etat

History

The State participation agency is a Service à compétence nationale (service with national competence) created in September 2004 [4]. The creation of the Agency responded to the need to clarify the role of a shareholder of the State and the promotion of its patrimonial interests alongside the regulatory functions, tax collection, sectoral supervision, buyer that the State exercises.

This first step provided the State with a structure embodying and exclusively exercising its role as a shareholder. The second step was to endow the APE with greater autonomy. The appointment of a State Equity Commissioner, reporting directly to the French Ministry of the Economy and Finance, completed the process. Since May 2017, the APE has 88 companies [2] in her portfolio.

Since 2001, the activity of the State shareholder has been traced every year in a report appended to the draft Loi de finances en France (Finance law in France) [5].

Operations

The main operations carried out by the agency were:

  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
    • Merger between SNECMA and SAGEM which gave Safran
    • Opening of the capital of EDF with nearly 5 million subscriptions from individuals
    • Initial public offering of Gaz de France and its listing on CAC 40
    • Transformation into a public limited company of ADP
  • 2006
    • Opening of the capital and the IPO of Aéroports de Paris in 2006 with 2.6M orders
    • Disposal of Société des autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France, Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône and Autoroutes du Sud de la France
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2010
    • Merger of the two tunnel boring companies SFTRF and ATMB
    • Transformation into a public limited company of La Poste
  • 2012
    • Recapitalization of Dexia
  • 2013
    • Takeover of the debt of the EPFR - Établissement public de financement et de restructuration (Public financing and restructuring institution) contracted vis-à-vis Crédit Lyonnais
    • Creation of the Bpifrance (BPI)
  • 2014
  • 2015
    • Restructuring of the nuclear sector started with EDF, Areva and Orano
    • Restructuring of the land armaments sector with the merger of Nexter and KNW to form KNDS
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
    • Privatization of La Française des Jeux

Goal

The four missions of the Agency are as follows: Foster the economic performance of companies, their profitability and their long-term development; Act as a wise shareholder in corporate governance companies; Manage the portfolio of investments through acquisitions, disposals or shareholder mergers; Promote the exemplarity and social and environmental responsibility of companies.[6]

The agency exercises the usual responsibilities of shareholders. In particular, the members of the agency represent the State during boards of directors. The agency “ensures a sufficient level of control in companies operating in sectors that are particularly sensitive in terms of sovereignty”. It enforces political decisions in corporate governance, such as feminization, and executive compensation.[7]

Since 2017, the Agency has revised its shareholder strategy[8]. From now on, the State is intended to be a shareholder in three types of companies: strategic companies which contribute to sovereignty (defense and nuclear), companies participating in public service missions or of national or local general interest for which regulation would be insufficient to preserve public interests and ensure public service missions, companies in difficulty whose disappearance could lead to a systemic risk.

Direction

The successive directors have been:

  • Denis Samuel-Lajeunesse appointed general manager of the State participation agency on September 15, 2004[9]
  • Bruno Bézard appointed director general of the state participation agency on February 26, 2007[10]
  • Jean-Dominique Comolli appointed Commissioner for State Investments on September 15, 2010[11]
  • David Azéma appointed Commissioner for State Investments on September 1, 2012[12]
  • Régis Turrini appointed Commissioner for State Investments on September 1, 2014[13]
  • Martin Vial appointed Commissioner for State Investments on August 24, 2015.

For the performance of its missions, the APE has a tight team of 53 people, mostly civil servants. As of July 1, 2019, it had 27 senior executives and investment managers (General management and investment management) traditionally from engineering bodies (44%), but also, in order to diversify profiles, from other bodies. (30% civil administrators, 33% civil servants from other bodies - INSEE, Banque de France, IGF, Cour des comptes) or contract employees. Nearly 30% of the senior managers of the APE are also graduates of a major business school. The areas of expertise (financial, legal, audit and accounting and communication), support functions and secretariats employ 26 people [14].

List of firms

Resulting from a historical stratification, the 88 companies falling within the scope of the APE represent both various sectors (services and finance, energy, transport, industry) and multiple statutes (public limited companies in the majority of cases, but also of public industrial and commercial establishment in France (établissements publics à caractère industriel et commercial - EPIC) [7].[15]


Energy

Industry

Transports

Finance & Services

See also

References
  1. "Agence des Participations de l'État". Site Internet de la direction générale du Trésor. Archived from the original on 2014-01-17. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
  2. "Décret n° 2019-160 du 1er mars 2019" (in French). Légifrance. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  3. "Business in France: The long arm of the state". The Economist. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
  4. "Décret n°2004-963 du 9 septembre 2004 portant création du service à compétence nationale Agence des participations de l'Etat" (in French). Légifrance.
  5. "Loi n° 2001-420 du 15 mai 2001 relative aux nouvelles régulations économiques" (in French). Légifrance.
  6. "L'Agence des participations de l'État - Vidéo dailymotion" (in French). Dailymotion.
  7. (Rapport de l'État actionnaire 2018-19 2019, p. 13)
  8. "Nos missions, notre doctrine" (in French). www.economie.gouv.fr.
  9. "Arrêté du 15 septembre 2004 portant nomination du directeur général de l'Agence des participations de l'Etat" (in French). Légifrance.
  10. "Arrêté du 26 février 2007 portant nomination du directeur général de l'Agence des participations de l'Etat" (in French). Légifrance.
  11. "Décret du 3 août 2010 portant nomination du commissaire aux participations de l'Etat - M. Comolli (Jean-Dominique)" (in French). Légifrance.
  12. "Décret du 1er août 2012 portant nomination du commissaire aux participations de l'Etat - M. Azema (David)" (in French). Légifrance.
  13. "Décret du 31 juillet 2014 portant nomination du commissaire aux participations de l'Etat - M. TURRINI (Régis)" (in French). Légifrance.
  14. "Arrêté du 19 août 2014 portant organisation de l'Agence des participations de l'Etat" (in French). Legifrance.
  15. "Les participations publiques" (in French). Agence des participations de l'État. 30 April 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
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