Apocynum venetum

Apocynum venetum, commonly known as sword-leaf dogbane,[2] is a plant species in the dogbane family, poisonous but used as a source of fiber, medicine, and nectar for production of honey.[3] Apocynum venetum leaves have been used in the traditional medicine for hypertension treatment.[4]

Apocynum venetum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Apocynum
Species:
A. venetum
Binomial name
Apocynum venetum
Synonyms[1]
  • Trachomitum venetum (L.) Woodson
  • Apocynum armenum Pobed.
  • Trachomitum armenum (Pobed.) Pobed.
  • Apocynum basikurumon H.Hara
  • Apocynum lancifolium Russanov
  • Trachomitum lancifolium (Russanov) Pobed.
  • Nerium antidysentericum Lepech. 1790 not L. 1753 nor Lepech. 1795
  • Nerium sibiricum Medik.
  • Apocynum sibiricum Pall. ex Roem. & Schult. 1819 not Jacq. 1770
  • Apocynum compressum Moench
  • Trachomitum sarmatiense Woodson
  • Apocynum sarmatiense (Woodson) O.Wissjul.
  • Apocynum scabrum Russanov
  • Trachomitum scabrum (Russanov) Pobed.
  • Apocynum tauricum Pobed.
  • Trachomitum tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed.

Distribution

Apocynum venetum is considered to be native to a wide range in northern Asia and SE Europe: Italy, Bulgaria, Romania, Ex/Yugoslavia, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, Siberia, Central Asia, Iran, Iraq, Cyprus, Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Japan.[1][3][5]

Uses

Apocynum venetum fibers can be extracted from the A. venetum bast; these fibers possess the luster of silk, smoothness of ramie, malleability of cashmere, and the softness of cotton.[6]

Subspecies
Dried Apocynum venetum tea leaves ("Luobuma")

Subspecies include:[1]

  1. Apocynum venetum subsp. armenum (Pobed.) ined. - Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
  2. Apocynum venetum subsp. basikurumon (H.Hara) ined. - Japan
  3. Apocynum venetum subsp. lancifolium (Russanov) ined. - Siberia, China (including Tibet + Xinjiang), Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan
  4. Apocynum venetum subsp. russanovii (Pobed.) ined. - Ostriv Dzharylhach Peninsula in Ukraine
  5. Apocynum venetum subsp. sarmatiense (Woodson) ined. - Bulgaria, Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Caucasus
  6. Apocynum venetum subsp. scabrum (Russanov) ined. - Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan
  7. Apocynum venetum subsp. tauricum (Pobed.) ined. - Cape St. Ilya in Crimea
  8. Apocynum venetum subsp. venetum - Italy

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 355. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
  3. Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 181 罗布麻 luo bu ma Apocynum venetum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 213. 1753.
  4. Waltenberger B, Mocan A, Šmejkal K, Heiss EH, Atanasov AG. Natural Products to Counteract the Epidemic of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders. Molecules. 2016 Jun 22;21(6). doi: 10.3390/molecules21060807 E807. Review. PMID 27338339; PMC 4928700.
  5. Altervista Flora Italiana, Apocino veneto, Trachomitum venetum (L.) Woodson
  6. https://journals-sagepub-com%5B%5D
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