Argonaut class reactor

The Argonaut class reactor is a design of small nuclear research reactor. Many have been built throughout the world, over a wide range of power levels. Its functions are to teach nuclear reactor theory, nuclear physics and for use in engineering laboratory experiments.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Description

The original Argonaut (Argonne Nuclear Assembly for University Training) was built at Argonne National Laboratory and went critical for the first time on February 9, 1957.[7] It was shut down in 1972. This reactor was rated for 10 kilowatts.[8][9]

List of Argonaut-class research reactors in the world[10][11]
Country Facility Name Institution Thermal Power (kW) Status First criticality Final shutdown References
Australia MOATA Australian Atomic Energy Commission 100 Decommissioned 01/04/1961 31/05/1995 [12]
Austria Siemens Argonaut Reaktor-Graz (SAR-Graz) Graz University of Technology 10 Decommissioned 17/05/1965 31/08/2004 [13][14]
Brazil Argonauta Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN) 0.2 Operational 20/02/1965 – [15][16]
France Ulysse CEA 100 Under decommissioning 23/07/1961 12/1997 [17][18]
France Réacteur Université de Strasbourg (RUS) University of Strasbourg 100 Decommissioned 1967 12/1997 [19]
Germany Rossendorfer Ringzonen Reaktor (RRR) Strahlenschutz, Analytik und Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V. 1 Decommissioned 16/12/1962 25/09/1991 [20][21]
Germany Schnell-Thermischen Argonaut-Reaktor (STARK) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie 0.01 Decommissioned 11/01/1963 03/1976 [20]
Germany AEG Prüfreaktor (PR-10) Kraftwerk Union AG (KWU) 0.18 Decommissioned 27/01/1961 1976 [20]
Germany Siemens Argonaut Reactor (SAR) Technical University of Munich 1 Decommissioned 31/10/1968 20/03/1968 [20]
Italy Reattore Bologna Due (RB-2) AGIP Nucleare 10 Decommissioned 28/05/1963 12/1980 [22]
Japan University Test Reactor (UTR) Kinki University 0.001 Operational 11/11/1961 – [23][24][25]
Netherlands Low Flux Reactor (LFR) Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group 30 Decommissioned 28/08/1960 12/2010 [26][27][28]
Netherlands Atoomreactor THE NEderland (ATHENE) Eindhoven University of Technology 10 Decommissioned 03/02/1969 1973 [29][30][31]
Spain Argos Research Reactor Polytechnic University of Catalonia 1 Decommissioned 11/06/1962 06/09/1977 [32][33][34][35]
Spain Argonaut Reactor Bilbao (ARBI) University School of Technical Industrial Engineering of Bilbao 10 Decommissioned 26/02/1962 1974 [36]
Taiwan Tsing Hua Argonaut Reactor (THAR) National Tsing Hua University 10 Decommissioned 20/04/1974 05/1991 [37][38]
UK Neutron Source Thermal Reactor (NESTOR) AEE Winfrith 30 Decommissioned 01/01/1961 06/1995 [39][40]
UK Jason Royal Naval College 10 Decommissioned 30/09/1959 07/1996 [41][42]
UK UTR-300 Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre 300 Decommissioned 01/06/1963 09/1995 [43][44][45]
UK UTR-B Queen Mary University of London 100 Decommissioned 10/06/1968 04/1982 [46][47]
UK Universities Research Reactor University of Liverpool Victoria University of Manchester 300 Decommissioned 07/07/1964 07/1991 [48][49]
USA University of Florida Training Reactor (UFTR) University of Florida 100 Operational 28/05/1959 – [50]
USA UTR Test Reactor American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation 0.015Decommissioned 01/12/1961 1963 [51]
USA University Teaching and Research Reactor (UTR-1) American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation 0.001 Decommissioned 01/02/1958 1960 [52]
USA Juggernaut Argonne National Laboratory 250 Decommissioned 11/01/1962 04/1970 [53][54]
USA UTR-10 Virginia Tech 100 Decommissioned 01/12/1959 1984 [55][56]
USA UTR-10 Iowa State University 10 Decommissioned 01/10/1959 05/1998 [57]
USA UWNR University of Washington 100 Decommissioned 01/04/1961 06/1988
USA UCLA R1 UCLA 100 Decommissioned 01/10/1960 01/1984 [58]

See also

Citations
  1. Armstrong, R. H; Kolb, W. L; Lennox, D. H (1957). Engineering, construction and cost of the Argonaut reactor (PDF). Lemont, Illinois: Argonne National Laboratory.
  2. Sturm, W.J.; Daavettila, D.A. (1961). Argonaut Reactor Data-Book. A compilation of experimental and theoretical results of work done with, or related to, the Argonaut Reactor to July 1960 (Report). doi:10.2172/4054362. OSTI 4054362.
  3. Lennox, D. H; Spinrad, B.I.; Kelber, C.N.; Armstrong, R. H; Kolb, W. L (1958). The Argonaut Reactor: A Generalized Reactor Facility For Nuclear Technology Training And Research (Report). OSTI 4306796.
  4. Operating Manual For The Argonaut Reactor (Report). 1959. doi:10.2172/4186199. OSTI 4186199.
  5. Armstrong, R.H.; Kelber, C.N. (1957-03-01). "Argonaut -Argonne's Reactor For University Training". Nucleonics. 15 (3). OSTI 4330322.
  6. Kelber, C.N. (1957-05-01). "The Theoretical Physics Of The Argonaut Reactor". doi:10.2172/4371597. OSTI 4371597. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. Argonne National Laboratory 2016.
  8. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology 2003, p. 23.
  9. Lennox, D.H.; Spinrad, B.I. (1956-03-01). "A GENERALIZED REACTOR FACILITY FOR NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY TRAINING AND RESEARCH. Interim Report on "ARGONAUT"". doi:10.2172/4370769. OSTI 4370769. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  10. Hawley, S. C.; Kathern, R. L.; Robkin, M. A. (1981-04-01). "Analysis of Credible Accidents for Argonaut Reactors". doi:10.2172/1080075. OSTI 1080075. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. IAEA. "Research Reactor Database". nucleus.iaea.org. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  12. Finlay, R.; Miller, R.; Dimitrovski, L.; Domingo, X.; Landau, P.; Valery, J.; Laloy, V. "Australian research reactors spent fuel management: the path to sustainability" (PDF). Conference Proceedings RRFM2017.
  13. H. Böck, A. Musilek, M. Villa (2004). "Research Reactors In Austria – Present Situation" (PDF). 2004 International RERTR Meeting.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. Mueller, H; Schuerrer, F; Ninaus, W; Oswald, K; Rabitsch, H; Kreiner, H; Neef, R D (1984). "Der Siemens-Argonaut-Reaktor als Treiberzone fuer eine Hochtemperaturreaktorzelle" [The Siemens-Argonaut reactor as a driver zone for a high-temperature reactor cell]. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  15. "Brazil, Federative Republic of : Research Reactor Details – ARGONAUTA".
  16. "Argonauta Reactor". ien.gov.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2018-11-10.
  17. "Saclay : le vieux réacteur nucléaire vit ses dernières heures". 20 February 2012.
  18. "Ulysse INB 18 Rapport préliminaire de sûreté des opérations de démantèlement – PDF". docplayer.fr.
  19. "Réacteur universitaire de Strasbourg". 7 August 2018 – via Wikipedia.
  20. Ines Bredberg, Johann Hutter, Kerstin Kühn, Katarzyna Niedzwiedz, Frank Philippczyk, Julia Dose (2013). State and Development of Nuclear Power Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2013 (PDF) (Report).CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  21. Kampf, T., Liewers, P. (1 July 1963). "The Rossendorf Ring Zone Reactor (RRR) -An Instrument For Reactor Physics Research". Kernenergie (East Germany). 6. OSTI 4637084.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. "Montecuccolino". masternucleare.ing.unibo.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-11-11.
  23. "Japan: Research Reactor Details – UTR KINKI".
  24. G. Wakabayashi, T. Itoh, K. Hashimoto, S. Ito, H. Yamanishi, W. Sugiyama, T. Horiguchi, S. Hohara (2012). "History and Present Situation of Kinki University Reactor (UTR-KINKI)" (PDF). 34th International Meeting on Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  25. Shibata, Toshikazu (1992). Some Unique Activities of the Smallest Reactor: UTR・KINKI (PDF) (Report).
  26. "Netherlands, Kingdom of the: Research Reactor Details – LFR".
  27. MilieueffectrapportDecommissioning LFR ende LFR-hal (PDF) (Report) (in Dutch). 2013.
  28. NRG (2018-10-17), Ontmanteling Lage Flux Reactor in Petten, retrieved 2018-11-12
  29. Bogaardt, M., Brouwers, A. and van Hulst, G (1967). "De ATHENE-reactor voor de Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven" (PDF). Atoomenergie en Haar Toepassingen. 9 (6): 140–147.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. Bogaardt, M., Brouwers, A. (1967). Athene-Veiligheidsrapport (PDF) (Report). Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. D.H. Dodd, J.B. Grupa, M. Houkema, J.B.M. de Haas, Th. Van der Kaa & A.C. Veltkam (2000). "Direct Disposal of Spent Fuel from Test and Research Reactors in the Netherlands" (PDF). COVRA Report.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  32. "Spain dismantels [sic] research reactor". Wise International. 11 September 1992. Retrieved 2018-11-05.
  33. Salom, Barca; Xavier, Francesc (2000). "La política nuclear espanyola: el cas del reactor nuclear Argos". Quaderns d'Història de l'Enginyeria. ISSN 1135-934X.
  34. Ortega, X.; Tapia, C.; Duch, M. Amor (2002). "Decommissioning of an argonaut type reactor at the Technical University of Catalonia in Barcelona (Spain)". Towards Harmonisation of Radiation Protection in Europe: European IRPA Congress 2002.
  35. Salom, Francesc X. Barca (2005). "Nuclear Power for Catalonia: The Role of the Official Chamber of Industry of Barcelona, 1953 – 1962". Minerva. 43 (2): 163–181. doi:10.1007/s11024-005-2330-9. ISSN 0026-4695. S2CID 144051803.
  36. "Decommissioning of the Argonaut Experimental Reactor ARBI". Decommissioning of Small Medical, Industrial and Research Facilities: A Simplified Stepwise Approach. 2011.
  37. Shen, Li; Chang, Shin (1994-12-31). "The decommissioning of Tsing Hua Argonaut reactor". Transactions of the American Nuclear Society. 70.
  38. Taiwan (R.O.C.) (December 2014). "National Report as referred to by the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management" (PDF). IAEA.
  39. Hill, Charles N (31 July 2013). "NESTOR". Atomic Empire, An: A Technical History Of The Rise And Fall Of The British Atomic Energy Programme. World Scientific. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-908977-44-1.
  40. "Nestor: a New Reactor at Winfrith". Nature. 189 (4769): 969. 1961. doi:10.1038/189969a0. ISSN 0028-0836.
  41. Decommissioning of research reactors : evolution, state of the art, open issues. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. 2006. ISBN 978-9201126054. OCLC 71317149.
  42. Lockwood, Rick; Beeley, Philip (1999). "The removal of the Jason reactor at Greenwich". Ingenia. 10: 29–34.
  43. Bond, Martin (5 November 2013). Nuclear Juggernaut: The transport of radioactive materials. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-05182-3 – via Google Books.
  44. WILSON, HENRY W. (1965). "The Scottish Research Reactor Centre". Nature. 205 (4966): 10–14. doi:10.1038/205010b0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 107508622.
  45. Scott, R. D.; Banford, H. M.; East, B. W. (1997). "Defuelling of the UTR-300 research reactor". Ens RRFM '97.
  46. "Information released regarding to the decommissioning report for the nuclear research reactor at Queen Mary College in London". 2007-07-04. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  47. "HSE document – Final report on decommissioning and delicensing of Queen Mary College Research Reactor dated 7 March 1984" (PDF). Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  48. "Nuclear physics at the University of Manchester". Archived from the original on 2008-03-05. Retrieved 2008-03-04.
  49. Razey, M. (1964). "The Universities Research Reactor". Electronics and Power. 10 (10): 372. doi:10.1049/ep.1964.0359. ISSN 0013-5127.
  50. "United States of America: Research Reactor Details – UFTR UNIV. FLORIDA".
  51. "Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned in the United States as of December 31, 1970". 1971-10-31. doi:10.2172/4023739. OSTI 4023739. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  52. "Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned in the United States as of December 31, 1966". 1967-10-31. doi:10.2172/4453953. OSTI 4453953. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  53. Folkrod, J.R.; Ember, G.; Kolb, W.; Saluja, J.; Moon, D.P. (1962-09-01). "Design Summary Report on the Juggernaut Reactor" (PDF). doi:10.2172/4715693. OSTI 4715693. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  54. Moon, D.P. (1962-07-01). "Physics Analysis of the Juggernaut Reactor" (PDF). doi:10.2172/4782203. OSTI 4782203. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  55. Sears, Frederick (May 1964). A TEMPERATURE STUDY OF THE V.P.I. TRAINING AND RESEARCH REACTOR (UTR-10) (Report). hdl:10919/77709. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
  56. "Nuclear Reactors in Virginia Other Than Dominion Power's Sites at Surry/North Anna". www.virginiaplaces.org.
  57. "Decommissioning UTR-10 – Nuclear Engineering International". www.neimagazine.com. Retrieved 2018-11-05.
  58. "Small UCLA reactor used by students shut down in 1984 because of potential safety hazards, declining use". dailybruin.com.

References

Further reading
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