Austin B. Williams

Austin Beatty Williams (October 17, 1919 – October 27, 1999) was an American carcinologist, "the acknowledged expert on and leader in studies of the systematics of eastern American decapod crustaceans".[1]

Biography

Austin B. Williams was born on October 17, 1919 in Plattsburg, Missouri, the eldest of three children to Oliver Perry Williams and Lucy Sell.[1] He was educated at McPherson College and the University of Kansas, gaining his Ph.D. in 1951.[1] He then worked at the University of North Carolina Institute of Fisheries Research, the University of Illinois, before gaining a position in the systematics laboratory of the National Marine Fisheries Service, based at the Smithsonian Institution.[1] He was married and had one son and two grandchildren. He died of cancer at Falls Church, Virginia on October 27, 1999.[1]

Work

Williams' first scientific paper, published in 1952, described six new species of freshwater crayfish from the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma;[2] he continued to publish until his death in 1999, accruing 118 publications in that time.[1] His most important works[1] include monographs on the marine decapod crustaceans of the Carolinas,[3] on the decapods of the Atlantic coast of the United States,[4] and on the lobsters of the world's oceans.[5][6] He won several awards, including the Crustacean Society's Excellence in Research Award[7] and the American Fisheries Society's Oscar Elton Sette Award.[1]

Taxa

Austin B. Williams described or co-described 101 new taxa of decapod crustaceans, from the rank of subspecies to superfamily (obelisks mark fossil taxa):[1]

Caridea
  • Alvinocaris Williams & Chace, 1982
  • Alvinocaris lusca Williams & Chace, 1982
  • Alvinocaris markensis Williams, 1988
  • Alvinocaris muricola Williams, 1988
  • Alvinocaris stactophila Williams, 1988
  • Leptalpheus Williams, 1965
  • Leptalpheus forceps Williams, 1965
  • Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981
  • Ogyrides limicola Williams, 1955
  • Opaepele Williams & Dobbs, 1995
  • Opaepele loihi Williams & Dobbs, 1995
  • Rimicaris Williams & Rona, 1986
  • Rimicaris chacei Williams & Rona, 1986
  • Rimicaris exoculata Williams & Rona, 1986
Astacidea
  • Homarinus Kornfield, Williams & Steneck, 1995
  • Orconectes eupunctus Williams, 1952
  • Orconectes meeki brevis Williams, 1952
  • Orconectes nana Williams, 1952
  • Orconectes nana marcus Williams, 1952
  • Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams, 1952
  • Orconectes ozarkae Williams, 1952
Axiidea
  • †Axiopsis eximia Kensley & Williams, 1990
  • Calocaris jenneri Williams, 1974
  • Calocaris oxypleura Williams, 1974
Gebiidea
  • Aethogebia Williams, 1993
  • Aethogebia gorei Williams, 1993
  • Pomatogebia Williams & Ngoc-Ho, 1990
  • Upogebia acanthops Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia aestuari Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia aquilina Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia baldwini Williams, 1997
  • Upogebia bermudensis Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia burkenroadi Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia careospina Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia casis Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia cocosia Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia coralliflora Williams & Scott, 1989
  • Upogebia cortesi Williams, 2000
  • Upogebia dawsoni Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia felderi Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia galapagensis Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia inomissa Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia jonesi Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia lepta Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia maccraryae Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia macginitieorum Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia molipollex Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia omissago Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia onychion Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia paraffinis Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia pillsbury Williams, 1993
  • Upogebia ramphula Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia schmitti Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia spinistipula Williams & Heard, 1991
  • Upogebia synagelas Williams, 1987
  • Upogebia tenuipollex Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia thistlei Williams, 1986
  • Upogebia toralae Williams & Hernández-Aguilera, 1998
  • Upogebia vargasae Williams, 1997
  • Upogebia veleronis Williams, 1986
Anomura
  • Munidopsis alvisca Williams, 1998
  • Munidopsis glabra Pequegnat & Williams, 1995
  • Munidopsis granosicorium Williams & Baba, 1990
  • Munidopsis lentigo Williams & Van Dover, 1983
  • Munidopsis lignaria Williams & Baba, 1990
  • Munidopsis marianica Williams & Baba, 1990
  • Shinkaia Baba & Williams, 1998
  • Shinkaia crosnieri Baba & Williams, 1998
  • Uroptychus edisoniscus Baba & Williams, 1998
Brachyura
  • Allactaea Williams, 1974
  • Allactaea lithorostrata Williams, 1974
  • Bothromaia Williams & Moffit, 1991
  • Bothromaia griffini Williams & Moffit, 1991
  • Bythograeoidea Williams, 1980
  • Bythograeidae Williams, 1980
  • Bythograea Williams, 1980
  • Bythograea mesatlantica Williams, 1988
  • Bythograea thermydon Williams, 1980
  • Callinectes similis Williams, 1966
  • Cyclozodion Williams & Child, 1989
  • Cyclozodion tuberatum Williams & Child, 1989
  • Epilobocera wetherbeei Rondríguez & Williams, 1995
  • Eplumula Williams, 1982
  • †Heus Bishop & Williams, 2000
  • †Heus forsteri Bishop & Williams, 2000
  • Hypsophrys noar Williams, 1974
  • Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982
  • Latreillia metanesa Williams, 1982
  • Menippe adina Williams & Felder, 1986
  • Mimilambridae Williams, 1979
  • Mimilambrus Williams, 1979
  • Mimilambrus wileyi Williams, 1979
  • †Necrocarcinus olsonorum Bishop & Williams, 1991
  • Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976
  • Panopeus austrobesus Williams, 1984
  • Panopeus margentus Williams & Boschi, 1990
  • Panopeus meridionalis Williams, 1984
  • Plagiophthalmus bjorki Bishop & Williams, 2000
  • Raninella manningi Bishop & Williams, 2000
  • Rochinia decipiata Williams & Eldgredge, 1994
  • Stilbomastax Williams, Shaw & Hopkins, 1977

One genus and several species were named by other scientists in honor of Williams. They include:[1][8]

  • Plesionika williamsi Forest, 1974 – a species of deep-water shrimp
  • Agostocaris williamsi Hart & Manning, 1986 – a species of shrimp from the Caribbean Sea
  • Austinograea williamsi Hessler & Martin, 1989 – a crab from hydrothermal vents; both the genus and the specific epithet commemorate Williams

References
  1. Rafael Lemaitre & Bruce B. Collette (2000). "Austin Beatty Williams (17 October 1919–27 October 1999). Biographical summary". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 113 (1): 1–12. hdl:10088/7340.
  2. Austin B. Williams (1952). "Six new crayfishes of the genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Astacidae) from Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 55 (3): 330–351. doi:10.2307/3626240. JSTOR 3626240.
  3. Austin B. Williams (1965). "Marine decapod crustaceans of the Carolinas". Fishery Bulletin. 65 (1): 1–298.
  4. Austin B. Williams (1984). Shrimps, lobsters, and crabs, of the Atlantic coast of the eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 1–550.
  5. Austin B. Williams (1987). "Lobsters—identification, world distribution, and U.S. trade". Marine Fisheries Review. 48 (2): 1–36.
  6. Austin B. Williams & Ian Dore (1988). Lobsters of the World. Huntington, NY: Osprey Books. ISBN 978-0-943738-23-9.
  7. Rafael Lemaitre (1998). "Austin Beatty Williams recipient of Award for Excellence in Research". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 18 (3): 619–620. doi:10.1163/193724098x00449. hdl:10088/7320. JSTOR 1549426.
  8. Hans G. Hansson. "Dr. Austin Beatty Williams". Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names. Göteborgs universitet. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
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