BBCH-scale (beet)

In biology, the BBCH-scale for beet describes the phenological development of beet plants using the BBCH-scale.

The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of beet are:

Growth stageCodeDescription
0: Germination 00Dry seed
01Beginning of imbibition: seeds begins to take up water
03Seed imbibition complete (pellet cracked)
05Radicle emerged from seed (pellet)
07Shoot emerged from seed (pellet)
09Emergence: shoot emerges through soil surface
1: Leaf development (youth stage) 10First leaf visible (pinhead-size): cotyledons horizontally unfolded
11First pair of leaves visible, not yet unfolded (pea-size)
122 leaves (first pair of leaves) unfolded
144 leaves (2nd pair of leaves) unfolded
155 leaves unfolded
1 .Stages continuous till ...
199 and more leaves unfolded
3: Rosette growth (crop cover) 31Beginning of crop cover: leaves cover 10% of ground
32Leaves cover 20% of ground
33Leaves cover 30% of ground
34Leaves cover 40% of ground
35Leaves cover 50% of ground
36Leaves cover 60% of ground
37Leaves cover 70% of ground
38Leaves cover 80% of ground
39Crop cover complete: leaves cover 90% of ground
4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts Beet root 49Beet root has reached harvestable size
5: Inflorescence emergence (2nd year of growth) 51Beginning of elongation of main stem
52Main stem 20 cm long
53Side shoot buds visible on main stem
54Side shoots clearly visible on main stem
55First individual flower buds on side shoots visible
59First bracts visible; flower buds still closed
6: Flowering 60First flowers open
61Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open
6220% of flowers open
6330% of flowers open
6440% of flowers open
65Full flowering: 50% of flowers open
67Flowering declining: 70% of flowers open or dry
69End of flowering: all flowers dry, fruit set visible
7: Development of fruit 71Beginning of seed development: seeds visible in infructescence
75Pericarp green; fruit still mouldable; perisperm milky; colour of seed coat: beige
8: Ripening 81Beginning of ripening: pericarp green-brown, seed coat light brown
85Pericarp light brown, seed coat reddish brown
87Pericarp hard, seed coat dark brown
89Fully ripe: seed coat final colour (specific to variety and species), perisperm hard
9: Senescence 91Beginning of leaf discolouration
93Most leaves yellowish
9550% of leaves brownish
97Leaves dead
99Harvested product (seeds)

References

  • Meier, U.; L. Bachmann; H. Buhtz; H. Hack; R. Klose; B. Marlander; E. Weber (1993). "Phänologische Entwick-lungsstadien der Beta-Rüben (Beta vulgaris L. ssp.). Codierung und Beschreibung nach der erweiterten BBCH-Skala (mit Abbildungen)". Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd. 45: 37–41.
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