Bahal, Nepal
Baha (Nepal Bhasa:बहाः) is a type of courtyard found amongst Newar communities in Nepal. It is the most dominant type of courtyard in Newari Architecture. Baha is a Buddhist Monastery and derives its name from a Sanskrit word Bihara, meaning joy or enchantment and thus is a place of religious bliss.[1]
Rudravarna Mahavihar or Uku Bahal - An ancient monastery in Patan, Nepal
Characteristics
The characteristics of a Baha are:-
- A square or rectangular space bounded by buildings in all sides
- Surrounding buildings built on a raised platform called Falcha
- Ground paved with brick or stone
- Generally centrally placed Chaitya
- Often presence of a well
- The building opposite to the main entrance generally houses a Guthi with idols of deities in the ground floor
Significance
The baha are generally constructed by a family and their descendants reside in it for generations. Hence, it is not just a unit of residence but also a unit of kingship. The Guthis of Newars have their basis on Baha. So, they play a great role in maintaining the norms of Newari society and lifestyle.
Some Baha
References
- Bahals of The Kathmandu Valley - Sudarsan Raj Tiwari
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