Barmen
Barmen is a former industrial metropolis of the region of Bergisches Land, Germany, which merged with four other towns in 1929 to form the city of Wuppertal. Barmen, together with the neighbouring town of Elberfeld founded the first electric suspended monorail tramway system, the Schwebebahn floating tram. Barmen was a pioneering centre for both the early industrial revolution on the European mainland, and for the socialist movement and its theory. It was the location of one of the first concentration camps in Nazi Germany, KZ Wuppertal-Barmen, later better known as Kemna concentration camp.[1]
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Oberbarmen (Upper Barmen) is the eastern part of Barmen, and Unterbarmen (Lower Barmen) the western part.
Legacy
The asteroid 118173 Barmen is named in its honour, celebrating the 1934 Synod which issued the Barmen Declaration defining Protestant opposition to National-Socialist ideology.
Personalities
- Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), Marxist philosopher
- Julius Kemna (1837-1898), entrepreneur and company founder
- Hermann Ebbinghaus (1850–1909), psychologist
- Julius Richard Petri (1852-1921), microbiologist
- Wilhelm Dörpfeld (1853–1940), architect and archaeologist
- Carl Duisberg (1861-1935), chemist and industrialist
- Ferdinand Sauerbruch (1875-1951), surgeon
- Adeline Rittershaus (1876–1924), philologist and champion for the equality of women
- Johann Viktor Bredt (1879-1940), jurist and politician
- Else Brökelschen (1879-1976), politician (CDU)
- Max Bockmühl (1882–1949), chemist
- Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970),[2] member of the Vienna Circle of positivists
- Wilhelm Philipps (1894-1971), generalleutnant
- Robert Tillmanns (1896-1955), politician (CDU)
- Martin Blank (1897-1972), politician (FDP)
- Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller (1897–1947), "The Butcher of Crete"
- Walter Julius Bloem (1898–1945), author and recipient of the Iron Cross
- Liselotte Schaak (1908-undated), actress
- Bernd Klug (1914-1975), admiral
- Kurt Brand (1917-1991), science-fiction author
- Reimar Lüst (1923–2020), astrophysicist
- Siegfried Palm (1927-2005), pianist
Population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1591 | 1,000 | — |
| 1640 | 1,900 | +90.0% |
| 1800 | 12,000 | +531.6% |
| 1810 | 16,289 | +35.7% |
| 1816 | 19,030 | +16.8% |
| 1840 | 30,847 | +62.1% |
| 1875 | 86,504 | +180.4% |
| 1890 | 116,144 | +34.3% |
| 1900 | 141,947 | +22.2% |
| 1905 | 156,148 | +10.0% |
| 1910 | 169,214 | +8.4% |
| 1919 | 156,326 | −7.6% |
| 1925 | 187,099 | +19.7% |
References
- David Magnus Mintert, Das frühe Konzentrationslager Kemna und das sozialistische Milieu im Bergischen Land (PDF) Ruhr University Bochum, doctoral dissertation (2007), pp 144–145. Retrieved January 14, 2012 (in German)
- Ruhr-Uni-Bochum.de: Rudolf Carnap
