Baseball in Mexico

Baseball first rose to popularity in Mexico during the 1880s, and may have been introduced there as early as 1846.[1] Mexico's current premier baseball league, the Mexican Baseball League, was founded in 1925 and consists of two divisions with 16 teams in total. The Mexican League has been classified as a Triple-A level league since 1967, and was classified as a Double-A league before then.[2]

Baseball in Mexico
CountryMexico
National team(s)Mexico
Club competitions
International competitions
World Baseball Classic (2006–present)
Caribbean Series (1971–present)
Pan American Games (1951–present)
Baseball World Cup (1941–1965)

The sport has traditionally been considered one of the most popular sports in Mexico, second only to football in some areas. Baseball is primarily popular in the northern part of the country, in the states nearest the Mexico–United States border. Over 120 different players have made appearances for Major League Baseball teams, the first being Mel Almada who played for the Boston Red Sox starting in 1933. Other notable Mexican MLB players include Fernando Valenzuela, Vinny Castilla, Joakim Soria, and Julio Urias.[3]

History

The exact origin of baseball in Mexico is unclear. While some sources claim that the sport came to Mexico along with American soldiers during the Mexican–American War, others believe it actually arrived via Cuba during the 1880s. The building of the Mexican Central Railway as well as America's economic and political interest in Mexico during the 1880s also played a part in the spread of baseball's popularity south of the Rio Grande.[4]

In 1925, the Mexican League (Spanish: Liga Mexicana de Béisbol or LMB) was founded. The league initially had 6 teams, and eventually expanded to its 16.[5]

Mel Almeda, an outfielder from Huatabampo, made his debut for the Boston Red Sox on September 8, 1933, becoming the first Mexican-born player to play in the MLB. Almeda was born in Mexico but grew up in Los Angeles, as his father was a consul for the Mexican government. It would be 16 years before another Mexican-born player would play in the MLB, when Bobby Ávila made his debut for the Cleveland Indians in 1947.[1]

During the 1940s, then-owner of the LMB, Jorge Pasquel, attempted to elevate the level of competition in the league by offering contracts to several American players. While mostly only Negro league players ended up coming to play in Mexico, contracts were also offered to (and subsequently declined by) superstar players such as Joe DiMaggio, Minnie Miñoso, and Ted Williams. In response to the loss of players to Mexico, the commissioner of the MLB at the time, Happy Chandler, enacted a rule that banned players from the league for 5 years if they signed outside of the MLB. This largely hindered the growth of the LMB during this time. Notable American former LMB players include Satchel Paige and Roy Campanella.[4]

In 2018, after complaints about Julio Urías's loss of his signing bonus to his former LMB club, the MLB decided to sever their relationship with the Mexican League. This choice effectively bans all MLB teams from signing players directly out of the LMB, which may prevent some top Mexican prospects from making their way to the Majors.

The Mexico national baseball team has appeared in many international tournaments since the 1970s. Most recently, the Charros de Jalisco of the Mexican Pacific League competed in the Caribbean Series in 2019.

Professional baseball
Main articles: Mexican League and Mexican Pacific League

In 1925, the Mexican League was formed by sports journalist Alejandro Aguilar Reyes and his friend Ernesto Carmona. The league was founded with 6 teams, none of which still operate in the LMB. During the 1960s, the league expanded to 8 teams, and again to 10 teams in 1970. In 1979, the LMB absorbed the Mexican Central League, which expanded the league to 20 teams. After a series of financial failures, the league was reduced to 14 teams. The league expanded once again in the 1990s to its current layout of 16 teams in 2 divisions.[5] It is considered to be a AAA-level league. Teams in the LMB play 120 games from March to September, and each team plays each other team either 6 or 9 times per season. Like in the MLB, the LMB holds an All-star game as well as a four-level postseason.

The current champions of the LMB are the Acereros de Monclova, and the team with the most championships are the Diablos Rojos del México.[6]

The Mexican Pacific League (Spanish: Liga Mexicana de Pacífico or LMP) is an independent league unaffiliated with the LMB. It has existed since 1945, and currently fields 10 teams from throughout Mexico. Its current champions are the Charros de Jalisco who were invited to compete in the Caribbean Series after winning the LMP championship.[7]

The Mexican League also has an affiliated minor league, the Liga Norte de México, which is considered to be a AA-level league.

International play
Main article: Mexico national baseball team

Mexican teams have competed in the Caribbean Series since 1971, winning the championship 3 times in 4 years from 2013 to 2016. The series has been held in Mexico 15 times since then, for the first time in Hermosillo in 1974. The Caribbean Series' first Mexican champions were the Naranjeros de Hermosillo in 1976.[8] Mexico has also competed in the Pan American Games and the Baseball World Cup, performing well but never finishing first. In 2006, the Mexico national baseball team made their first appearance at the inaugural World Baseball Classic, and has competed in each iteration since.

See also

References
  1. "Mexican baseball a source of pride south of the border". Baseball Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  2. "History of baseball in Mexico" (PDF). MiLB (in Spanish). MiLB. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  3. "Players by birthplace: Mexico Baseball Stats and Info". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  4. "A Brief Baseball History In Latin America: Mexico | MetsMinors.net". metsminors.net. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  5. "Mexican League - BR Bullpen". www.baseball-reference.com. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  6. "Mexican League (AAA) Encyclopedia and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  7. "2018-19 Mexican Pacific Winter League". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  8. "El Equipo Ideal de la Serie del Caribe 1976". Puro Beisbol. 2018-02-10. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
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