Bechamp reaction

In organic synthesis the Bechamp reaction, first reported in 1863 by Antoine Béchamp,[1] is used for producing arsonic acids from activated aromatic rings; for example the synthesis of arsanilic acid from aniline.[2][3][4]

The reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution, using arsenic acid as the electrophile. Important products of this reaction include roxarsone; which exhibits an anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.[5]

References
  1. M. A. Bechamp (1863). "de l'action de la chaleur sur l'arseniate d'analine et de la formation d'un anilide de l'acide arsenique". Compt. Rend. 56: 1172–1175.
  2. P. Ehrlich & A. Bertheim (1907). "Überp-Aminophenylarsinsäure". Chemische Berichte. 40 (3): 3292. doi:10.1002/cber.19070400397.
  3. H. P. Brown & C. S. Hamilton (1934). "Naphthalenearsonic Acids. The Application of the Béchamp Reaction to α-Naphthylamine". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 56: 151. doi:10.1021/ja01316a047.
  4. C. S. Hamilton & J. F. Morgan (1944). "The Preparation of Aromatic Arsonic and Arsinic Acids by the Bart, Bechamp, and Rosenmund Reactions". Organic Reactions: 2. doi:10.1002/0471264180.or002.10. ISBN 0471264180.
  5. John F. Stolz; Eranda Perera; Brian Kilonzo; Brian Kail; Bryan Crable; Edward Fisher; Mrunalini Ranganathan; Lars Wormer & Partha Basu (2007). "Biotransformation of 3-Nitro-4-hydroxybenzene Arsonic Acid (Roxarsone) and Release of Inorganic Arsenic by Clostridium Species". Environ. Sci. Technol. 41 (3): 818–823. Bibcode:2007EnST...41..818S. doi:10.1021/es061802i. PMID 17328188.


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