Benjamin W. Crowninshield


Brvt. Col. Benjamin Williams Crowninshield (1837–1892)[1] was a member of the Boston Brahmin Crowninshield family.

For the United States Secretary of the Navy, see Benjamin Williams Crowninshield.
Benjamin W. Crowninshield
Born1837 
Died1892  (aged 54–55)

Life

He was born in Boston March 12, 1837. His father was Francis Boardman Crowninshield (1809–1877) and mother was Sarah Putnam (1810–1880).[2] He attended Harvard College, graduating in 1858, along with classmates Henry Hobson Richardson and Henry Adams.[3][4] Adams' Education of Henry Adams (1918) includes descriptions of his friendship with Crowninshield.[4]

At Harvard, Crowninshield kept a daily diary through his junior and senior years, which was published in 1941 by his son Francis, under the title A Private Journal, 1856–1858. It records that he was captain of the rowing team; handled most of his classes with ease, with the exception of Logic which he called "that cursed nonsense"; was president, Learoyd Director, and Abercrombie Treasurer of the Glee Club; was a member of the Porcellian Club and Pierian Sodality; was treasurer of the Hasty Pudding; sang in the choir; and played the 'cello. He resided, in 1856, at Number 9 Hollis Hall. His diary records many activities, from visiting old friends through attending drawing courses and music lessons; going to dances, theatres, and concerts; playing billiards at Ripley's; and spending the evening in Parker's Restaurant; to spending a whole day making a model boat.[5]

Other people that he befriended at Harvard, according to his diary, include Robert Gould Shaw, whom Crowninshield first met when Shaw was a freshman who was hoping to become a member of the Pierian Sodality. Crowninshield was also friends at Harvard with William Henry Fitzhugh Lee. His diary entry for 1856-11-19, for example, records him playing whist "till the sociable (Lee's) was ready at L. Erving's room". (The "sociable" was a party.) Its entry for 1857-06-24 records him going "into town to a supper at Parker's given in honor of Lee, Jones, Lowndes all of whom are going to leave the class".[5]

Civil War service

With the onset of the Civil War, Crowninshield enlisted as a lieutenant with the First Massachusetts Cavalry on 1861-11-05. He rose through the ranks, being promoted to first lieutenant on 1861-12-19, captain on 1862-03-26, and major on 1864-08-10. He was aide de camp to General Philip Sheridan, remaining with the General until mustered out on 1864-11-06. On 1865-06-17 he reached the highest rank that he was to attain, brevet colonel of the U.S. Volunteers.[5]

One coincidence that befell him during the War was that when W.H.F. Lee (by then major general in the Confederate army) was captured, as a prisoner he automatically fell under the direct control of the provost marshal. At the time, that was Crowninshield. Crowninshield 's son, Francis B. Crowninshield, was later to record that it was "a truly embarrassing position for both of them", with Lee rejecting "any of the privileges [that] Crowninshield tried to bestow upon him".[5]

After the war he became a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States - a military society of officers who had served in the Union armed forces.

Post war

Crowninshield pursued the study of history, publishing and speaking on various topics, such as yachting[6] and military history. He wrote his History of the First Massachusetts Cavalry (see further reading) in 1891.[5] His personal account of Sheridan at Winchester (also listed in further reading) was published in Atlantic Monthly.

In 1868, Crowninshield commissioned his friend H.H. Richardson to design and build a house on Marlborough Street in the newly land-filled Back Bay area of Boston. The Crowninshield House, completed in 1870, still exists.[7]

After the War, Crowninshield married and moved to New York,[5] where he was a member of New York drygoods merchants Sprague, Colburn, and Company.[3] In 1868 he moved to Boston to join a different drygood merchants, Wheelwright, Anderson, and Company.[3][5] He was later president of the Realty Company.[3]

His health began to fail in 1891, and he died January 16, 1892, at age 55, in Rome, having travelled to Europe for a rest.[5] His oldest son was boat designer Bowdoin B. Crowninshield (1867–1948).[2]

Family tree

References
  1. http://www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/lccn-n88-674263
  2. Danvers Historical Society (1922). Historical collections of the Danvers Historical Society. Danvers Historical Society. p. 42.
  3. Jeffrey Karl Ochsner (1984). H.H. Richardson, complete architectural works. MIT Press. p. 44. ISBN 9780262650151.
  4. Henry Adams. Education of Henry Adams.
  5. Helen Hannon (2006-06-08). "A diarist in the Class of 1858". Harvard Gazette. Harvard University.
  6. Yacht Luxury. Boston Daily Globe. July 28, 1889. p.19.
  7. James F. O'Gorman. Living architecture: a biography of H.H. Richardson. Simon and Schuster, 1997.

Further reading
  • BW Crowninshield and D H L Gleason (1891). A history of the First regiment of Massachusetts cavalry volunteers. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and co.
  • Benjamin W. Crowninshield (1878). "Sheridan at Winchester". Atlantic Monthly. XLII: 683–691.
    • reprinted as: Benjamin W. Crowninshield (2004). "Sheridan at Winchester". In Peter Cozzens (ed.). Battles and leaders of the Civil War. 6 (reprint ed.). University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252028793.
  • BW Crowninshield and Francis Boardman Crowninshield. A private journal, 1856–1858. Cambridge MA: Riverside Press, 1941.
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