Bite force quotient

Bite force quotient (BFQ) is the regression of the quotient of an animal's bite force in newtons divided by its body mass in kilograms.[1][2] It does not take into account sharpness of teeth or other differences in tooth form; an animal with sharp teeth will project its bite force over a small surface area, while an animal with flatter teeth will spread the force out over a larger area.

Hite et al.,[3] who include data from the widest range of living mammals of any bite force regression to date, produce from their regression the BFQ equation:

where BF = Bite Force (N), and BM = Body Mass (g)

Carnivore BFQs

AnimalBFQ
Aardwolf77
European badger109
Asiatic black bear44
American black bear64
Brown bear78
Domestic cat67
Cheetah119
Cougar108
Coyote88
Dhole132
Dingo125
African wild dog142
Domestic dog114
Singing dog100
Arctic fox97
Cape genet48
Grey fox80
Red fox92
Grey wolf109
Brown hyena113
Spotted hyena125
Jaguar137
Jaguarundi75
Leopard94
Clouded leopard137
Lion112
Northern olingo162
Sand cat130
Sun bear160
Least weasel164
Spotted-tailed quoll179
Tasmanian devil181
Tiger121
Thylacine166

Table sources (unless otherwise stated):[2][4][5][6]

References

  1. The science and engineering of cutting: the mechanics and processes of separating and puncturing biomaterials, metals and non-metals, Antony Atkins, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2009, p. 311, 413pp, ISBN 978-0-7506-8531-3 (retrieved 15 August 2010 via Google Books)
  2. Wroe S, McHenry C, Thomason J (March 2005). "Bite club: comparative bite force in big biting mammals and the prediction of predatory behaviour in fossil taxa". Proc. Biol. Sci. 272 (1563): 619–25. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2986. PMC 1564077. PMID 15817436.
  3. Hite, Natalee J.; Germain, Cody; Cain, Blake W.; Sheldon, Mason; Perala, Sai Saketh Nandan; Sarko, Diana K. (2019). "The Better to Eat You With: Bite Force in the Naked Mole-Rat (Heterocephalus glaber) Is Stronger Than Predicted Based on Body Size". Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience. 13: 70. doi:10.3389/fnint.2019.00070. ISSN 1662-5145. PMC 6904307. PMID 31866840.
  4. Fish That Fake Orgasms: And Other Zoological Curiosities, Matt Walker, Macmillan, 2007, pp. 98-9, ISBN 978-0-312-37116-6 (retrieved 15 August 2010 from Google Books)
  5. Per Christiansen; Stephen Wroe (2007). "Bite Forces and Evolutionary Adaptations to Feeding Ecology in Carnivores". Ecology. 88 (2): 347–358. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[347:bfaeat]2.0.co;2. PMID 17479753.
  6. Campbell, C. "Biology: Behavior - Diet". The Thylacine Museum. Retrieved 16 December 2020.


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