Cartazzi axle

A Cartazzi axle is a design of leading or trailing wheel support[1][2][3] used worldwide.[4][5][6][7][8] The design was used extensively on the former LNER's Pacific steam locomotives and named after its inventor F.I. Cartazzi,[9] formerly of the Great Northern Railway. It should not be confused with a pony truck as it does not pivot at all.[8] The axle does, however, have sideways play built in to accommodate tight curves. Cartazzi's design causes the weight of the locomotive to exert a self-centring action on the trailing wheels.[10]

Cartazzi axle on LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado

The Cartazzi design was also sometimes applied to driving wheel axles on longer wheelbase locomotives.[11]

Modelling

On small scale models the trailing wheels of Cartazzi-axled locomotives are often flangeless to allow negotiation of tighter, non-prototypical curves, or the Cartazzi axle has been replaced with a pony truck for the same reason.

References
  1. "Three-Cylinder Balanced Compound "Atlantic" Engines; Great Central Railway". The Railway Engineer. XXVII (312): 6. January 1906 – via Google Books.
  2. Ellis, Cuthbert Hamilton (1949). Some Classic Locomotives. Allen & Unwin. p. 156 – via Google Books. The leading and trailing carrying axles had sideplay through Cartazzi sliding axleboxes
  3. Nock, Oswald Stevens (1967). Steam Railways of Britain in Colour. Blandford P. p. 144. The leading pair of wheels had the Cartazzi form of axle box...
  4. "Six-Coupled Tank Locomotive, Imperial Rys. of Japan". The Locomotive Magazine & Railway Carriage & Wagon Review. XV (198): 39. February 15, 1909 – via Google Books.
  5. Coleman, F.C. (February 9, 1918). "Garratt Type Locomotive for the Sao Paulo Ry., Brazil". Railway Review. 62 (6): 187–188 – via Google Books.
  6. "Four-Wheel Coupled Locomotive for the Dutch States Railways". Engineering: 143. February 1, 1901 – via Google Books.
  7. "Powerful Articulated Narrow Gage Locomotives for Tasmania". Scientific American Supplement. New York. LXXVI (1968): 180. September 20, 1915 – via Google Books.
  8. "Roundhouse Nightmare". Trains. Kalmbach Publishing Company. 17: 18. 1956 – via Google Books.
  9. Headrick, Daniel R. (1988). The Tentacles of Progress: Technology Transfer in the Age of Imperialism, 1850-1940. Oxford University Press. p. 84. ISBN 0-19-505115-7 – via Google Books.
  10. Ransome-Wallis, P., ed. (2001) [1959]. Illustrated Encyclopedia of World Railway Locomotives. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications. p. 250. ISBN 0-486-41247-4 – via Google Books.
  11. "Modern British Practice in Tank Locomotives - II". The Mechanical World. Machester, England. XLIV (1139): 212. October 30, 1908 – via Google Books. ... the coupled wheelbase, which is 16ft. 6in., is not rigid, the leading axle boxes having 1¼in. side play. This is compensated for in the leading length of the coupling rods and controlled by sliding caps on the axle boxes on the Cartazzi principle.
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