Cohors II Asturum et Callaecorum

The Cohors II Asturum et Callaecorum [equitata] was a Roman auxiliary unit. It is known from military diplomats and brickwork.

Components
  • Asturum et Callaecorum : [the] Asturer and Callaecer. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Asturians and Callaecans in the territory of today's Asturias and Galicia.
  • Equitata : partially. The unit was a mixed bandage of infantry and cavalry. The addition does not appear explicitly in any of the military diplomats, but 2 military diplomats were exhibited for riders of the cohort.[1]

There are no references to the milliaria (1000 men), so it is assumed that the unit was a Cohors equitata. The target strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 man infantry and 120 riders) consisting of 6 centuria infantry with 80 men and 4 turmae cavalry each with 30 riders.

History
Roman military diploma Carnuntum.

The first record of the unit was in the province of Pannonia in a military diploma dating back to AD 80. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops stationed in Pannonia.[2][3][4]

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia and Pannonia inferior may have been:

  • Ad Militare (Batina): Brick finds with the stamp COH II AST indicate the presence (of parts) of the cohort in Ad Militare or the surrounding areas ( CIL 3, 10674 ). John Spaul refers to Barnabás Lőrincz regarding the order of the camps in which the unit was stationed.[3]
  • Ad Statuas : Here the unit was [possibly] stationed in Lugio together with Cohors VII Breucorum.[4]
  • Surduk : Brick finds indicate the presence (of parts) of the cohort in Surduk or the surrounding area.[3]

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:[3]

Commanders
  • Granianus is known from the military diploma of 145. He was in the rank of a prefect.

Others
  • Dasentis, a horseman ( AE 1996, 1257 )
  • Entis, a horseman ( CIL 13, 7037 )

References
  1. John Spaul, List of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), p. 81
  2. Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial period. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Bremerhaven 2003/2004, pp. 161, 163
  3. John Spaul, List of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), p. 81
  4. Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxiliary of the Roman Army in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973 , pp. 152-153.
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