Community-engaged research

Community-engaged research (CEnR) is the process of working collaboratively with groups of people affiliated by geographic proximity, special interests, or similar situations with respect to issues affecting their well-being. One of the most widely used forms of community-engaged research is community-based participatory research (CBPR),[1] though it also encompasses action research and participatory action research.

History

Community-engaged research arose in response to historical abuse of marginalized people by researchers, who failed to consider the needs of the community and potential benefits of the research. Types of CEnR include action research, community-based participatory research (CBPR), and participatory action research (PAR). The field of CEnR has grown rapidly since 2005.[2]

Process

Community-engaged research is planned in partnership with the community that is the intended target of the research.[3] It requires the development of partnerships between researchers and the community, cooperation and negotiation between parties, collaboration, and a commitment to addressing local health concerns.[4] This can create additional steps not traditionally found in research projects, such as jointly creating a mission statement or a memorandum of understanding to establish terminology, timelines, and expectations. These planning steps typically occur before funding is secured for the research project. Community members may be skeptical of research conducted without compensation; researchers and the community can collaborate to define fair compensation for participation.[3]

CEnR projects exist along a spectrum of the level of community involvement. In order from least- to most-involved, examples are investigator-driven research, community-placed research, community-based research, community-based participatory research, and community-driven research.[4]

Scope

Reviews of community-engaged research indicate that this type of research predominantly occurs in the US and the Americas. Europe is represented chiefly by studies in the United Kingdom, and some studies have been conducted in Australia as well. Few reviews of community-engaged research have included work done in Africa or Asia.[2]

References
  1. Balls-Berry, J. E.; Acosta-Pérez, E. (2017). "The Use of Community Engaged Research Principles to Improve Health: Community Academic Partnerships for Research". Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal. 36 (2): 84–85. PMC 5582944. PMID 28622404.
  2. Ortiz, Kasim; Nash, Jacob; Shea, Logan; Oetzel, John; Garoutte, Justin; Sanchez-Youngman, Shannon; Wallerstein, Nina (2020). "Partnerships, Processes, and Outcomes: A Health Equity–Focused Scoping Meta-Review of Community-Engaged Scholarship". Annual Review of Public Health. 41: 177–199. doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094220. PMID 31922931.
  3. Michener, Lloyd; Cook, Jennifer; Ahmed, Syed M.; Yonas, Michael A.; Coyne-Beasley, Tamera; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio (2012). "Aligning the Goals of Community-Engaged Research: Why and How Academic Health Centers Can Successfully Engage With Communities to Improve Health". Academic Medicine. 87 (3): 285–291. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182441680. ISSN 1040-2446. PMC 3292771. PMID 22373619.
  4. Hacker, Karen; Glover Taylor, J. (2011). Community-Engaged Research (CEnR) and the Institutional Review Board: Principles, Challenges, and Opportunities (PDF) (Report). The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center.
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