Cotula alpina

Alpine cotula has flat glabrous light-green leaves that are pinnately divided almost to the midrib.[1][2] It forms a large number of rosettes which lie just above ground level while the leaves are hairless and between 1–3 cm in length and 5–10 mm wide.[1][2] They are slow growing plants and are often stoloniferous.[3] It can be easily confused with Leptinella filicula which has similar looking leaves and is also part of the family Asteraceae.[4] Flowering occurs from spring through to summer.[2] Each rosette produces a single yellow to cream flower, about 7 mm in diameter.[3] They are at the top of erect stalks that are generally shorter than the leaves but extend further when fruiting.[5] A unique characteristic of C. alpina is that the flower-bearing stalks are hollow.[3]

Cotula alpina foliage including fruiting stalk with achenes.

C. alpina is found in heath, short herbfield and tussock grasslands in alpine and sub-alpine areas.[1] It is common in the Central Plateau and Midlands of Tasmania and can also be found at high altitudes in Victoria and New South Wales.[2] The herb can survive in shade to full sun and requires high moisture levels for growth.[3] It can also tolerate clay, loam and sandy soil types and is phosphorus intolerant.[3] It can survive through exposed environmental conditions including high winds and low temperatures including snow and frosts.[5] It has been reported to show grazing resistance.[6]

C. aplina has achenes, which are hard, dry fruit which contain a single seed. As the seed matures, the achenes loosen towards the top and develops a fluffy appearance.[5] The seeds are 1.5–2 mm long, compressed laterally and germination can occur after 2 to 4 weeks.[5]