Cystopteris bulbifera

Cystopteris bulbifera, with the common name bulblet fern, bulblet bladderfern, or bulblet fragile fern is a fern in the family Cystopteridaceae.

Bulblet fern

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Cystopteridaceae
Genus: Cystopteris
Species:
C. bulbifera
Binomial name
Cystopteris bulbifera
Synonyms
  • Aspidium bulbiferum (L.) Sw.
  • Cystea bulbifera (L.) Watt
  • Cystopteris atomaria C. Presl
  • Filix bulbifera (L.) Underw.
  • Polypodium bulbiferum L.[2]

Distribution

The fern is native to eastern Canada, the Midwestern and Eastern United States, and two disjunct populations in the Southwestern United States.

It is found only on calcareous substrates such as limestone. It commonly festoons limestone cave openings. While most commonly found on vertical rock faces, it also grows in rocky scree.

Description

Cystopteris bulbifera is a low-growing rock fern with creeping stems and narrow elongate deltate fronds which grow to 75 cm (30 in). C. bulbifera is unusual among ferns in producing bulblets along the bottom of the fronds. This is one of the easiest Cystopteris species to identify.

Closeup of bulblet

Hybrids

This species is known to hybridize with Cystopteris fragilis, Cystopteris protrusa, Cystopteris reevesiana, and Cystopteris tenuis. Hybrids with C. fragilis have given rise to the allohexaploid species C. laurentiana. Hybrids with C. protrusa have given rise to the allotetraploid species C. tennesseensis. The hybrid with C. reevesiana has given rise to the allotetraploid species C. utahensis. The hybrid with C. tenuis is known as C. × illinoensis, an allotriploid. Also see Cystopteris hybrid complex.

References
  1. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Fern". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  2. synonyms Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 24 Dec 2011

Further reading
  • A Field Guide to Ferns and their Related Families of Northeastern and Central North America — Cobb, Boughton. (1984), Peterson Field Guides series.
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