Dağlıca, Yüksekova

Dağlıca (Syriac: Oramar‎)[2] is a village in Hakkâri Province in southeastern Turkey. It is located by the river Oramar (Turkish: Rubarişin Çayı),[3] a tributary of the Great Zab, in the district of Yüksekova and the historical region of Hakkari.

Dağlıca
Dağlıca
Location in Turkey
Coordinates:
Country Turkey
ProvinceHakkâri Province
DistrictYüksekova
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Total413

In the village, there were Nestorian churches of Mar Mamo and Mar Daniel.[4]

History

According to local tradition, Mar Mamo fled persecution and became a hermit at Oramar.[5] Mamo collected all snakes in the region and placed them in a pit, upon which he constructed a sanctuary, and it was believed it could heal snake and dog bites, as well as scorpion stings.[5] The church of Mar Mamo was constructed in the 4th century.[6] It has been suggested that it was built on the site of a pre-Christian shrine.[7] Oramar was formerly exclusively inhabited by Assyrians,[7] who were rayets (vassals) of the ashiret (free men) Jilu clan.[8]

Most of the Assyrian population in the village was forcibly supplanted by Kurds,[7] and the church of Mar Daniel was converted into a mosque at the end of the 19th century.[9] Oramar was the seat of a kaza in the sanjak of Hakkari in the vilayet of Van, which was inhabited by 14,000 Kurds, 11,040 Assyrians, and 870 Turks in 1900, for a total of 25,910 people.[10] At that time, 400 people inhabited the village,[11] including 40 Nestorian Assyrians.[8] The small Nestorian community was included in the diocese of Jilu.[12]

By the time of the Assyrian genocide in the First World War, the village was controlled by Suto, agha (chief) of the Kurdish Oramar tribe, who actively participated in the mass slaughter of Assyrian Christians in the region,[13] and used Oramar as his headquarters.[14] However, he spared the Assyrians in the village as they were responsible for the maintenance of the church of Mar Mamo, which was considered sacred by the Kurds also, and it was feared the snakes would return if the priests or the church were harmed.[15]

The Assyrians retaliated against Suto and, in early September 1917, he was besieged at Oramar by an army led by Agha Petros whilst an army led by the brother of the Nestorian patriarch Shimun XIX Benyamin attacked from another direction, killing 16 and capturing 30 Kurds, and suffered one death and two wounded.[14] The village had fallen to the Assyrian forces by the time an additional force led by the patriarch arrived, but Suto and a number of Kurds fled to Nervi.[14] Assyrian women who had been held captive by Suto were released from his harem, and Assyrian forces under the patriarch's command pursued Suto westward whilst Agha Petros marched east.[14]

References
  1. "HAKKARİ YÜKSEKOVA DAĞLICA KÖYÜ NÜFUSU". Türkiye Nüfusu (in Turkish). Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  2. Carlson, Thomas A. (14 January 2014). "Oramar". The Syriac Gazetteer. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  3. "Rubarişin Çayı, Turkey". GeoNames. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  4. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 301.
  5. Dickson (1910), p. 375.
  6. Yacoub (2016), p. 161.
  7. Wigram (1916), p. 55.
  8. Yacoub (2016), p. 239.
  9. Nikitin (1995), pp. 175–176.
  10. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 285.
  11. Hakobyan, Melik-Bakhshyan & Barseghyan (2001), p. 493.
  12. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 300.
  13. Yacoub (2016), p. 164.
  14. Werda (1924), pp. 29-30.
  15. "Literatus: A Sentimental Journey". Zinda. Vol. 7 no. 18. 16 July 2001. Retrieved 15 May 2020.

Bibliography
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