Dactylosporangium aurantiacum

Dactylosporangium aurantiacum (Thiemann et al. 1967) is a Gram-positive soil-based actinobacteria in the order Actinomycetales.[1] Like all Dactylosporangium species, aurantiacum is aerobic and mesophilic.[2]

One subspecies, hamdenesis, produces a number of 18-membered macrolide antibiotics called tiacumicins as a byproduct of fermentation.[3] One of these, tiacumicin B, commonly known as fidaxomicin,[4] has narrow-spectrum bacteriocidal action against Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria, including Clostridium difficile.

References
  1. "BacDive database".
  2. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume 5: The Actinobacteria.
  3. Hochlowski, J. E.; Swanson, S. J.; Ranfranz, L. M.; Whittern, D. N.; Buko, A. M.; McAlpine, J. B. (1987). "Tiacumicins, a novel complex of 18-membered macrolides. II. Isolation and structure determination". The Journal of Antibiotics. 40 (5): 575–88. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.40.575. PMID 3610816.
  4. Baktash, A.; Terveer, E. M.; Zwittink, R. D.; Hornung, B. V.; Corver, J.; Kuijper, E. J.; Smits, W. K. (2018). "Mechanistic Insights in the Success of Fecal Microbiota Transplants for the Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infections". Frontiers in Microbiology. 9: 1242. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01242. PMC 6005852. PMID 29946308.
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