Dmitry Dokuchaev

Dmitry Dokuchaev
Dmitry Dokuchaev
	Дмитрий Александрович Докучаев
Born	Dmitry Aleksandrovich Dokuchaev; February 28, 1984; Russia
Nationality	Russian
Other names	Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Dokuchayev, "Forb", "Patrick Nag"
Citizenship	Russian
Education	Ural State University
Occupation	FSB officer
Known for	Hacking
Conviction(s)	Treason
Criminal charge	Treason
Penalty	6 years in prison

Dmitry Aleksandrovich Dokuchaev (Дмитрий Александрович Докучаев) was an officer of the Russian FSB. In April 2019, he was sentenced to six years in prison for treason.

Early career

From 2004 until at least 2011, Dokuchaev contributed to a Russian computer hacking magazine under the moniker "Forb."[1][2]

FSB employment

At the end of 2006, Dokuchaev had begun working for the FSB in Yekaterinburg, reportedly in order to avoid prison time due to credit card and data theft offenses. The following year, he was transferred to Moscow.[3][4][5]

In 2011, Dokuchaev had reportedly begun acting as an intermediary between his boss, Sergei Mikhailov (FSB), and Kaspersky Lab employee, Ruslan Stoyanov, ultimately causing operational information about ChronoPay CEO, Pavel Vrublevsky, to be passed outside of Russia.[6]

Beginning in December 2014, Dokuchaev had allegedly begun directing criminal hackers to obtain access to and collect information from the email accounts of thousands of Yahoo! users.[7]

In early 2016, Dokuchaev and Mikhailov had reportedly begun recruiting the services of Vladimir Anikeyev, the ringleader of Shaltai Boltai.[8][9][10]

In the fall of 2016, Dokuchaev was reportedly part of an effort to lure Anikeyev back into Russia.[11][12]

Arrest in Russia

Dokuchaev was arrested in December 2016.

His arrest was first announced on January 26, 2017.[13]

U.S. indictment

In March 2017, Dokuchaev was indicted by the U.S. Department of Justice for his alleged role in the 2014 Yahoo! data breaches.[14]

Conviction in Russia

In February 2019, Dokuchaev agreed to sign a plea bargain with Russian authorities.[15] In April 2019, he was sentenced to six years in prison for treason.[16]

References

Boreyko, Alexander; Belous, Julia (November 1, 2004). "Face to face with a hacker". Vedomosti. Archived from the original on January 27, 2017.
Andrew, Kramer (February 26, 2019). "Was Russia Treason Trial About U.S. Election Meddling or a Convict's Revenge?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. The evolution of a hacker into an F.S.B. officer was all but an open secret in Moscow. Until at least 2011, Mr. Dokuchaev was an editor of a Russian magazine titled Hacker, and he edited a section known as “Breaking In” under the byline Dmitry “Forb” Dokuchaev.
"The FSB officer involved in the treason case was a hacker in the past". RBC. January 27, 2017. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Carding has become the reason why Dokuchaev came to the attention of the FSB, two sources say RBC. According to them, the hacker was recruited under the threat of criminal prosecution and went to work in the secret service. One of the interlocutors emphasized that this is a common practice: the CIB FSB has enough employees who in the past were hackers.
Kolomyichenko, Maria (December 16, 2017). "Arrested ex-FSB officer denies hacker story about hacking in USA". RBC. Archived from the original on August 14, 2018. At the same time, Dokuchaev got a job at the FSB in Yekaterinburg only at the end of 2006, and was transferred to Moscow at the beginning of 2007, an interlocutor in law enforcement agencies who had known him for many years told RBC.
Amos, Howard (January 31, 2017). "Reported treason arrests fuel Russian hacking intrigue". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 19, 2017. Dokuchayev, one of the FSB officers reportedly accused of treason, has been identified by Russia media as a hacker known as “Forb,” who also worked for Hacker magazine in the 2000s before apparently joining the FSB. In a 2004 interview with the newspaper Vedomosti, Forb described how he made money from credit card fraud and boasted of hacking U.S. government websites. In 2011, Forb was listed as an editor at Hacker.
"State secret revealed for $ 10 million". Interfax. October 5, 2018. Archived from the original on October 5, 2018. The criminal case against the accused Mikhailov, Dokuchaev, Stoyanov and Fomchenkov was opened by the FSB investigation department on December 6, 2016. At first, counterintelligence officers detained CIB officers at workplaces, and then businessmen. All four were charged with a crime under Article 275 of the Criminal Code, and sent by the Lefortovo District Court to the isolation ward of the same name, in which they are still located. The operation to detain the alleged "moles" was the result of development, which lasted more than a year. According to the investigation, FSB Colonel Sergei Mikhailov in 2011 through civilian intermediaries passed information to the FBI on operational-search activities in the case of the founder and CEO of the Chronopay processing company Pavel Vrublevsky, who is called the number one cybercriminal in the world in the United States. Colonel Mikhailov and his subordinate obtained this data, participating in the operational development of Mr. Vrublevsky, who was suspected of organizing a DDoS attack on the Assist payment system in July 2010, because of which citizens could not purchase Aeroflot electronic tickets for several days. In 2013, the Tushinsky District Court of Moscow, finding Mr. Vrublevsky guilty of an offense under Article 272 of the Criminal Code (illegal access to computer information), sentenced him to two and a half years in prison. According to the investigation, after collecting information about the operational-search activity related to state secrets, Colonel Mikhailov wrote it down on a CD, which he handed over to Major Dokuchaev, and the latter to Ruslan Stoyanov, an employee of Kaspersky Lab. Last in 2011 flew to the international conference on cybersecurity in New Denver (Canada). There, as follows from the materials of the criminal case, Mr. Stoyanov handed over the CD to a certain Kimberly Zenz, an employee of the American company iDefense, which is involved in the protection of information and is affiliated, according to the FSB, with the FBI. According to a similar scheme, according to the investigation, the businessman Georgy Fomchenkov, who went with the CD to the USA, also acted.
"U.S. charges Russian FSB Officers and Their Criminal Conspirators for Hacking Yahoo and Millions of Email Accounts". United States Department of Justice. March 15, 2017. Archived from the original on May 20, 2019. The FSB officer defendants, Dmitry Dokuchaev and Igor Sushchin, protected, directed, facilitated and paid criminal hackers to collect information through computer intrusions in the U.S. and elsewhere. In the present case, they worked with co-defendants Alexsey Belan and Karim Baratov to obtain access to the email accounts of thousands of individuals.
Bershidsky, Leonid (January 30, 2017). "How Russian Hackers Became a Kremlin Headache". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on June 14, 2017. Quoting an unnamed source, Rosbalt claimed that last year, Mikhailov's unit was ordered to "work on" Shaltai Boltai. The FSB team reportedly uncovered the identities of the group's members -- but, instead of arresting and indicting them, Mikhailov's team tried to run the group, apparently for profit or political gain.
Zubov, Gennady; Vetrov, Igor (January 31, 2017). "Arrested FSB officers accused of collaborating with the CIA". Novaya Gazeta. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. The source says that, having taken Humpty under their wing, Mikhailov and Dokuchaev actually breathed “new life” into the group. “The hackers who posted the correspondence on the Humpty's website understood that sooner or later they would be able to figure them out, and by the beginning of 2016 they had actually stopped their activities. When Mikhailov’s representatives came into contact with Vladimir Anikeev “Lewis," “Shaltayevites” perked up and felt their impunity, because they had a strong "roof." Mikhailov decided to use them for his games. In October 2016, Anikeev-Lewis was detained. This fact, according to the interlocutor, greatly alarmed Mikhailov. The detention was carried out by employees of another FSB unit, and he was not even aware that his agent was in development. “Although Mikhailov was not going to pull Anikeyev out of prison, and even vice versa, he provided his own experience on it. However, at the very first interrogation, Anikeyev himself began to tell such colorful details about the collaboration with Mikhailov that his testimony partially went into the main case."
Roth, Andrew (March 16, 2017). "The FBI just indicted a Russian official for hacking. But why did Russia charge him with treason?". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 16, 2017. In a theory first reported by the pro-Kremlin conservative Orthodox media company Tsargrad, Mikhailov had taken control of Shaltai-Boltai, "curating and supervising" the group in selecting hacking targets.
Alexandrov, German (March 19, 2017). "Detained "Humpty Dumpty" and ended up in jail". Rosbalt. Archived from the original on June 24, 2020. From the materials of the case it follows that Anikeev was personally detained by the FSB officer Dmitry Dokuchaev, whom the US authorities suspect of hacking Yahoo. [...] According to Rosbalt, it follows from the case file that FSB officer Dmitry Dokuchaev participated in the detention of Anikeev on arrival at the St. Petersburg Pulkovo airport.
Reuters, Svetlana (December 5, 2017). "How America Learned About Russian Hackers". The Bell. Archived from the original on January 23, 2018. Despite all these exploits, the FSB trusted important matters to Dokuchaev. For example, he was a member of the operational-investigative group to develop the leader of the Humpty Dumpty group Vladimir Anikeev, Anikeev’s lawyer Ruslan Koblev told The Bell. These hackers became famous for breaking emails of high-ranking Russian officials, including Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich, Prime Minister’s spokesman Natalia Timakova and many others. Dokuchaev, according to The Bell's interlocutor, familiar with the details of the investigation, took part in developing a scheme to capture Anikeev, who had to be lured from abroad for arrest. Both were eventually taken at about the same time - from the Lefortovo pre-trial detention center, Dokuchaev was taken to a closed court in the Anikeev case as a prosecution witness. Andrei Chegodaykin, Dmitry Dokuchaev’s lawyer, refused to answer questions from The Bell.
"The media learned about the third arrest in the structure of the FSB in the case of treason". Rosbalt. January 26, 2017. Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. According to the interlocutor, who wished to remain anonymous, Dokuchaev was arrested in December 2016. A friend of Dokuchaev confirmed the information about the arrest. Another acquaintance of his reported that he had not seen Dokuchaev since the end of November. It follows from open sources that Dmitry Alexandrovich Dokuchaev held the post of senior operational officer of the 2nd operational department of the Information Security Center (OU CIB) of the FSB of Russia.
"MOST WANTED: DMITRY DOKUCHAEV". FBI. March 15, 2017. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020.
Vasilyeva, Nataliya (February 27, 2019). "Russia's ex-cybersecurity chief gets 22 sentence in jail". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. An FSB officer who worked under Mikhailov, Maj. Dmitry Dokuchayev, also was detained and charged with treason. Dokuchayev signed a guilty plea and is awaiting trial along with a fourth defendant.
"Last suspect in Russian treason case gets six years in prison, concluding FSB's worst scandal in recent memory". Meduza. April 10, 2019. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. Russia’s Moscow District Military Court has convicted former Federal Security Service (FSB) agent Dmitry Dokuchaev of treason and sentenced him to six years in prison, also stripping him of his rank as major. After agreeing to a plea bargain and testifying against his former boss, Dokuchaev received a lighter sentence than the other suspects in the case: former FSB officer Sergey Mikhailov got 22 years in prison, former Kaspersky Lab expert Ruslan Stoyanov was sentenced to 14 years, and entrepreneur Georgy Fomchenkov (who also reportedly cooperated with prosecutors) got seven years behind bars.

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[Vedomosti-1] Boreyko, Alexander; Belous, Julia (November 1, 2004). "Face to face with a hacker". Vedomosti. Archived from the original on January 27, 2017.

[Kramer-2] Andrew, Kramer (February 26, 2019). "Was Russia Treason Trial About U.S. Election Meddling or a Convict's Revenge?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. The evolution of a hacker into an F.S.B. officer was all but an open secret in Moscow. Until at least 2011, Mr. Dokuchaev was an editor of a Russian magazine titled Hacker, and he edited a section known as “Breaking In” under the byline Dmitry “Forb” Dokuchaev.

[3] "The FSB officer involved in the treason case was a hacker in the past". RBC. January 27, 2017. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Carding has become the reason why Dokuchaev came to the attention of the FSB, two sources say RBC. According to them, the hacker was recruited under the threat of criminal prosecution and went to work in the secret service. One of the interlocutors emphasized that this is a common practice: the CIB FSB has enough employees who in the past were hackers.

[4] Kolomyichenko, Maria (December 16, 2017). "Arrested ex-FSB officer denies hacker story about hacking in USA". RBC. Archived from the original on August 14, 2018. At the same time, Dokuchaev got a job at the FSB in Yekaterinburg only at the end of 2006, and was transferred to Moscow at the beginning of 2007, an interlocutor in law enforcement agencies who had known him for many years told RBC.

[AP1-5] Amos, Howard (January 31, 2017). "Reported treason arrests fuel Russian hacking intrigue". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 19, 2017. Dokuchayev, one of the FSB officers reportedly accused of treason, has been identified by Russia media as a hacker known as “Forb,” who also worked for Hacker magazine in the 2000s before apparently joining the FSB. In a 2004 interview with the newspaper Vedomosti, Forb described how he made money from credit card fraud and boasted of hacking U.S. government websites. In 2011, Forb was listed as an editor at Hacker.

[6] "State secret revealed for $ 10 million". Interfax. October 5, 2018. Archived from the original on October 5, 2018. The criminal case against the accused Mikhailov, Dokuchaev, Stoyanov and Fomchenkov was opened by the FSB investigation department on December 6, 2016. At first, counterintelligence officers detained CIB officers at workplaces, and then businessmen. All four were charged with a crime under Article 275 of the Criminal Code, and sent by the Lefortovo District Court to the isolation ward of the same name, in which they are still located. The operation to detain the alleged "moles" was the result of development, which lasted more than a year. According to the investigation, FSB Colonel Sergei Mikhailov in 2011 through civilian intermediaries passed information to the FBI on operational-search activities in the case of the founder and CEO of the Chronopay processing company Pavel Vrublevsky, who is called the number one cybercriminal in the world in the United States. Colonel Mikhailov and his subordinate obtained this data, participating in the operational development of Mr. Vrublevsky, who was suspected of organizing a DDoS attack on the Assist payment system in July 2010, because of which citizens could not purchase Aeroflot electronic tickets for several days. In 2013, the Tushinsky District Court of Moscow, finding Mr. Vrublevsky guilty of an offense under Article 272 of the Criminal Code (illegal access to computer information), sentenced him to two and a half years in prison. According to the investigation, after collecting information about the operational-search activity related to state secrets, Colonel Mikhailov wrote it down on a CD, which he handed over to Major Dokuchaev, and the latter to Ruslan Stoyanov, an employee of Kaspersky Lab. Last in 2011 flew to the international conference on cybersecurity in New Denver (Canada). There, as follows from the materials of the criminal case, Mr. Stoyanov handed over the CD to a certain Kimberly Zenz, an employee of the American company iDefense, which is involved in the protection of information and is affiliated, according to the FSB, with the FBI. According to a similar scheme, according to the investigation, the businessman Georgy Fomchenkov, who went with the CD to the USA, also acted.

[7] "U.S. charges Russian FSB Officers and Their Criminal Conspirators for Hacking Yahoo and Millions of Email Accounts". United States Department of Justice. March 15, 2017. Archived from the original on May 20, 2019. The FSB officer defendants, Dmitry Dokuchaev and Igor Sushchin, protected, directed, facilitated and paid criminal hackers to collect information through computer intrusions in the U.S. and elsewhere. In the present case, they worked with co-defendants Alexsey Belan and Karim Baratov to obtain access to the email accounts of thousands of individuals.

[8] Bershidsky, Leonid (January 30, 2017). "How Russian Hackers Became a Kremlin Headache". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on June 14, 2017. Quoting an unnamed source, Rosbalt claimed that last year, Mikhailov's unit was ordered to "work on" Shaltai Boltai. The FSB team reportedly uncovered the identities of the group's members -- but, instead of arresting and indicting them, Mikhailov's team tried to run the group, apparently for profit or political gain.

[9] Zubov, Gennady; Vetrov, Igor (January 31, 2017). "Arrested FSB officers accused of collaborating with the CIA". Novaya Gazeta. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. The source says that, having taken Humpty under their wing, Mikhailov and Dokuchaev actually breathed “new life” into the group. “The hackers who posted the correspondence on the Humpty's website understood that sooner or later they would be able to figure them out, and by the beginning of 2016 they had actually stopped their activities. When Mikhailov’s representatives came into contact with Vladimir Anikeev “Lewis," “Shaltayevites” perked up and felt their impunity, because they had a strong "roof." Mikhailov decided to use them for his games. In October 2016, Anikeev-Lewis was detained. This fact, according to the interlocutor, greatly alarmed Mikhailov. The detention was carried out by employees of another FSB unit, and he was not even aware that his agent was in development. “Although Mikhailov was not going to pull Anikeyev out of prison, and even vice versa, he provided his own experience on it. However, at the very first interrogation, Anikeyev himself began to tell such colorful details about the collaboration with Mikhailov that his testimony partially went into the main case."

[10] Roth, Andrew (March 16, 2017). "The FBI just indicted a Russian official for hacking. But why did Russia charge him with treason?". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 16, 2017. In a theory first reported by the pro-Kremlin conservative Orthodox media company Tsargrad, Mikhailov had taken control of Shaltai-Boltai, "curating and supervising" the group in selecting hacking targets.

[11] Alexandrov, German (March 19, 2017). "Detained "Humpty Dumpty" and ended up in jail". Rosbalt. Archived from the original on June 24, 2020. From the materials of the case it follows that Anikeev was personally detained by the FSB officer Dmitry Dokuchaev, whom the US authorities suspect of hacking Yahoo. [...] According to Rosbalt, it follows from the case file that FSB officer Dmitry Dokuchaev participated in the detention of Anikeev on arrival at the St. Petersburg Pulkovo airport.

[12] Reuters, Svetlana (December 5, 2017). "How America Learned About Russian Hackers". The Bell. Archived from the original on January 23, 2018. Despite all these exploits, the FSB trusted important matters to Dokuchaev. For example, he was a member of the operational-investigative group to develop the leader of the Humpty Dumpty group Vladimir Anikeev, Anikeev’s lawyer Ruslan Koblev told The Bell. These hackers became famous for breaking emails of high-ranking Russian officials, including Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich, Prime Minister’s spokesman Natalia Timakova and many others. Dokuchaev, according to The Bell's interlocutor, familiar with the details of the investigation, took part in developing a scheme to capture Anikeev, who had to be lured from abroad for arrest. Both were eventually taken at about the same time - from the Lefortovo pre-trial detention center, Dokuchaev was taken to a closed court in the Anikeev case as a prosecution witness. Andrei Chegodaykin, Dmitry Dokuchaev’s lawyer, refused to answer questions from The Bell.

[13] "The media learned about the third arrest in the structure of the FSB in the case of treason". Rosbalt. January 26, 2017. Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. According to the interlocutor, who wished to remain anonymous, Dokuchaev was arrested in December 2016. A friend of Dokuchaev confirmed the information about the arrest. Another acquaintance of his reported that he had not seen Dokuchaev since the end of November. It follows from open sources that Dmitry Alexandrovich Dokuchaev held the post of senior operational officer of the 2nd operational department of the Information Security Center (OU CIB) of the FSB of Russia.

[14] "MOST WANTED: DMITRY DOKUCHAEV". FBI. March 15, 2017. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020.

[AP2-15] Vasilyeva, Nataliya (February 27, 2019). "Russia's ex-cybersecurity chief gets 22 sentence in jail". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. An FSB officer who worked under Mikhailov, Maj. Dmitry Dokuchayev, also was detained and charged with treason. Dokuchayev signed a guilty plea and is awaiting trial along with a fourth defendant.

[16] "Last suspect in Russian treason case gets six years in prison, concluding FSB's worst scandal in recent memory". Meduza. April 10, 2019. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. Russia’s Moscow District Military Court has convicted former Federal Security Service (FSB) agent Dmitry Dokuchaev of treason and sentenced him to six years in prison, also stripping him of his rank as major. After agreeing to a plea bargain and testifying against his former boss, Dokuchaev received a lighter sentence than the other suspects in the case: former FSB officer Sergey Mikhailov got 22 years in prison, former Kaspersky Lab expert Ruslan Stoyanov was sentenced to 14 years, and entrepreneur Georgy Fomchenkov (who also reportedly cooperated with prosecutors) got seven years behind bars.