E. E. Cowper

Edith Elise Cadogan Cowper[note 1] (21 July 1859  18 November 1933) was a prolific author of adventure stories for girls. She married yachtsman Frank Cowper and had eight children by him before the marriage fell apart.

E. E. Cowper
Born(1859-07-21)21 July 1859
Died18 November 1933(1933-11-18) (aged 74)
NationalityEnglish
Other namesEdith Eliza Cadogan, Edith Elise Cowper, Edith Eliza Cooper
OccupationAuthor
Years active1881  1932

Early life

Cowper was born on 21 July 1859 at Stevenage, Hertfordshire.[4] Her parents was the Reverend Edward Cadogan (c. 1833  16 April 1890)[5][6] and stockbroker's daughter Alice Smith (25 January 1833  24 March 1913)[7][8]. Cowper was the second of the couple's ten children. By the 1861 census her father has the Rector at Walton, Warwickshire, England, but moved to take up the Rectorship at Wickham in 1873,[5] where he was to remain until his death in 1890.[6]

Cowper married Frank Cooper (14 January 1849  28 May 1930)[9][10] at her father's church in Wicken, Northamptonshire, England on 28 December 1867. She was seventeen at the time, and her husband was ten years older.[2] He was a yachtsman, famous for single-handed cruising, and author, both of novels and of books on sailing. The couple had eight children, four boys and four girls: Frank Cadogan Cowper, Edith Alice Magdalen Cowper, Earnest Lionel Cadogen Cowper, Gerald Audrey Cadogan Cooper, Gladys Blanche Katherine Cowper, Gwenllyan Sybilla Mary Cowper, Henry Evelyn Cadogan Cowper, and Nesta Evelyn Dorothea Cowper. The first five children were registered as Cooper and had their names changed to Cowper when their father changed his name. The youngest three, being born after the name change iun 1885, were registered with the surname Cowper.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]

Some sources suggest that Cowper had ten children, with two of them, Lois and Edward, dying in infancy, in addition to Henry.[19] However, there is no record of such births in the birth index of the Government Record Office, and Cowpers's own account of the number of children she has had in the 1911 census, with eight children born and six surviving, suggests that there were no such births.

The couple lived first in Hordle, Hampshire where they ran a small preparatory school. Later, they build Lisle Court at Wootton in the Isle of Wight, which also served as a school.[1]:155 The 1891 census shows Cowper living at Lisle Court with six of her children, Gerald, age 9 at the time is absent for some reason. The census shows that the house was no longer working as a school.

The marriage was not a happy one. The summary of Frank Cadogan Cowper's letters to his mother in the Royal Academy Collections states that Cowper divorced her on the grounds of violence and infidelity,[20] but Sims and Clare says that while the marriage broke up, they may never have divorced.[1]:155. Cowper still describes herself as married in the 1911 census.

By 1901, Cowper was living in Acton in London with her four daughters, aged 12 to 21 and with her profession listed as authoress. The 1911 census found Cowper living with her daughter Nesta at Flat 7, Fairlawn Court, Acton Lane, Chiswick, London. Her other three daughters had already married, and Nesta would do so in 1914.

Cowper was living at Milford on Sea, Hampshire when she dies on 18 November 1933. Her estate was valued at £977 6s.7d.

Writing

The Evening Post (New Zealand) says that Cowper published her first, book, set in the New Forest before she was 20.[21] However, the first book recorded in the Jisc Library Hub Discover database[note 2] Additional libraries are being added all the time, and the catalogue collates national, university, and research libraries.[22][23] is Hide and Seek, published in 1881. She followed this with Hasselaers in 1883. It is note clear who published the first book, but the second was published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK). The SPCK published all but three of her books until 1915, after which she began to use other publishers. She first published with Blackie & Son in 1917, and Blackie would publish nearly half of her output from then on.

Cowper wrote adventures stories for teenage girls. Many of the feature sailing.[note 3] The wilds of Canada, where one of her sons had settled before the First World War, feature in many of here stories, whether searching for gold, or trapping. Smuggling is another repeated trope, even featuring in her school story Fifth Form Adventurers.

Assessment

Cowper was writing for what Alice Corkran called the Modern Girl in her Chat with the Girl of the Period in The Girl's Realm.[24]

Kate Flint said that while researching for the Woman Reader, she was hardly surprised to find how many girls in the nineteenth century openly preferred their brothers' books, with the active role models that they offered.[25] Cowper offered here girl readers active role models. The Yorkshire Post when speaking of Cowper and similar girl's authors, said that Girls need no longer impound their brothers’ books for such stories fortunately they can now see themselves as the protagonists in these romances. and that Cowper can always be relied on for action.[26]

Works

The following bibliography is based on a search on the Jisc Library Hub Discover database for books authored by Cowper.[27] In all, there are 69 books listed in the table,[note 4] as two of the items are derivatives. Cowper contributed to a number of anthologies [28] and annuals[29] but these are not included here, nor in any reissues of her work. She also wrote some short fiction for magazines,[30] but again, there are not listed here.

Books by Cowper
SerYearTitleIllustratorPlacePublisherPagesNotes
11881Hide and seekLondon
21883The HasselaersLondonSPCK156 p., 4 p., 3. ill., 8º[note 5]
31899The Misadventures of I.M.P. A story for little girlsLondonSPCK80 p., 8º
41899Theckla Jansen. The story of a lonely girlLondonSPCK80 p., 8º
51900BessieWalter Sidney Stacey[note 6]LondonSPCK224 p., 8º
61900Red, White, and Blue; or Dick's enemyLondonSPCK94 p., 8º
71901The brown bird and her owners, a story of adventure off the South CoastWalter Sidney Stacey[note 6]LondonSPCK256 p., 8º
81903Calder Creek, a story of smuggling on the South CoastWalter Sidney Stacey[note 6]LondonSPCK246 p., ill., 8º
91904'Viva Christina!' The adventures of a young Scot with the British legionW. H. C. Groome[note 7]LondonChambers292 p., 6 ill., 8º
101904The Witches of Westover Combe, a story of the South Coast, etc.Harold PiffardLondonSPCK221 p., 8º
111905The Haunted Mill on Birley River: the story of a South Coast creekHarold PiffardLondonSPCK254 p., 8º
121906The disappearance of David PendarveHarold PiffardLondonSPCK254 p., ill., 8º
131907The invaders of FairfordAdolf ThiedeLondonSPCK253 p., col. fs., 8º[note 8]
141908The House with Dragon Gates, a story of old Chiswick in 1745Harold PiffardLondonSPCK245 p., 8º
151909Lady Fabia, a story of adventure on the South Coast in 1805, etc.Adolf ThiedeLondonSPCK221 p., 8º
161910Andrew Garnett's Will, etc.Thomas Heath Robinson[note 9]LondonSPCK223 p., 8º
171910The moonrakers, a story of smugglers in the New Forest in 1747Walter Sidney Stacey[note 6]LondonSPCK256 p., 2 ill., 8º
181910Three girls on a yachtEdward Smith Hodgson[note 10]LondonCassellvi, 343 p., 8 ill., 8º
191911The Captain of the WaterguardAdolf ThiedeLondonSPCK252 p., 8º
201911The island of rushes: the strange story of a holiday mysteryWalter Sidney Stacey[note 6]LondonSPCK251 p., 8º
211913Enter Patricia, being an account of her strange adventures on a visit to the Cornish coastNoël HarroldLondonCassell304 p., 4 ill., 8º
221913Leo Lousada, Gentleman AdventurerAdolf ThiedeLondonSPCK256 p., 8º
231913The Strange Story of Kittiwake's CastleGordon BrowneLondonSPCK120 p., 8º
241913Two Girls and a SecretWalter Sidney Stacey[note 6]LondonSPCK254 p., 4 pl., 8º
251914The crew of the "Silver Fish"Walter PagetLondonSPCKVI, 223p, 8º
261915The King's Double, etc.Archibald WebbLondonSPCK254 p., 8º
271915The Mystery of Castle Veor; or, the Spies in our midstArchibald WebbLondonSPCKvi, 222 p., 3 ill. (1 col.), 8º
281915The strange girl from the seaNoël HarroldLondonCassellvii, 312 p., 4 ill., 8º[note 11]
291916Three Sailor GirlsN. TenisonLondonHenry Frowde288 p., 4pl., 8º
301916The valley of dreamsNorah Schlegel[note 12]LondonCassell279 p., 4 ill., 8º
311917Hill of Broom. A Guernsey mysteryElizabeth EarnshawLondonCassell312 p., 4 ill., 8º
321917Jane in Command. The story of a girl's war work and its strange resultsGordon BrowneLondonBlackie & Son284 p., 8º
331919The black dog's riderJohn W. Campbell[note 13]LondonSPCKv, 322 p., 8º
341919Maids of the “Mermaid.” A story of adventure on the coast of EnglandC. Dudley Tennant[note 14]LondonBlackie & Son288 p., 8º
351920Corporal Ida's floating campC. E. BrockLondonSPCK123 p., 8º
361920Pam and the CountessGordon BrowneLondonBlackie & Son287 p., 6 ill., 8º[note 15]
371921Celia winsRosa PetherickLondonCollins320 p., 8º
381921The mystery of Saffron ManorGordon BrowneLondonBlackie & Son284 p., 6 ill., 8º
391921Wild Rose to the RescueC. E. BrockLondonSPCK154 p. 6 pl, 8º
401922The Brushwood HutGordon BrowneLondonBlackie & Son207 p., 8º
411922The island of secretsGordon BrowneLondonBlackie & Son207 p., 4 ill., 8º[note 16]
421922Two on the Trail. A story of Canada snows, etc.Walter PagetLondonSheldon Press160 p., 8º[note 8][note 15]
431923Ann's Great AdventureJohn Dewar Mills[note 17]LondonBlackie & Son320 p., 8º[note 18]
441924Girls on the Gold Trail. A story of strange adventures in the northlandsLondonNelson327 p., 8º
451924The mystery termR. H. BrockLondonBlackie & Son255 p., 6 ill., 8º[note 19]
461924White Wings to the RescueC. R. Fleming-Williams[note 20]LondonBlackie & Son320 p., 8º
471925The girl from the North-WestHenry CollerLondonBlackie & Son319 p., 6 ill., 8º
481925Hunted, and the HunterStanley L. WoodLondonSheldon Pressiii, 122 p., fs., 8º[note 8]
491925Witch of the wilds, a story of adventure in the northern snowsLondonNelson312 p., fs., 8º
501926The Haunted TrailHenry CollerLondonBlackie & Son224 p., 8º
511926That Troublesome TermElizabeth EarnshawLondonCassell215 p., 4 ill., 8º[note 19][note 21]
521927Cross Winds Farm; or, the Adventure of the silver foxesLondonChambers154 p., 8º
531927Hit the Trail. A wild west storyArchibald Stevenson ForrestLondonNelson335 p., 8º
541927The Holiday SchoolNorman SutcliffeLondonCassell215 p., 4 ill. (2 col.), 8º[note 21][note 19]
551927Nancy's Fox FarmNorman SutcliffeLondonBlackie & Son256 p., 8º
561928Camilla's CastleRoger OakLondonBlackie & Son255 p., 8º
571928Peterina on the rescue trailR. H. BrockLondonNelson320 p., 1 col. ill., 8°
581929The fifth form adventurersLondonCassell215 p., ill., 8º[note 21][note 19]
591929The Forbidden IslandFrancis Ernest Hiley[note 22]LondonBlackie & Son208 p., 8º
601929Gill and the BeanstalkLondonBlackie & Son191 p., 8º
611929That Joyous AdventureLondonNelson95 p., 8º[note 23]
621929The Wolf RunnerWilliam Bryce Hamilton[note 24]LondonNelson318 p., 8º
631930The Crow's Nest, etc.LondonSheldon Press153 p., 8º[note 8]
641930The Invincible FifthPercy Bell Hickling[note 25]LondonCassell215 p., 4 ill., 8º[note 21][note 19]
651930Rosamond takes the LeadHugh Radcliffe-WilsonLondonBlackie & Son223 p., 8º[note 26]
661931Girls on the Trap-LineA. Leo KnopfLondonNelson292 p., 8º
671932The Lodge in the Wood, etc.LondonSheldon Press125 p., 8º[note 8]
681933Elsie and the Grey ThiefLondonBlackie & Son64 p., 8º[note 27]
691933The Girls of Mystery GorgeR. H. BrockLondonNelson295 p., 8º

Notes

  1. Her name is subject to the following variations. Frank Cooper initially spelled his name Cooper, but changed it to Cowper by Deed Poll in 1885.[1]:155 Cadogan was baptised Edith Eliza, and still used this form of her second name at the time of her marriage,[2] and for the 1911 census, but later came to be known as Edith Elise, and this was the form of her name at the time of her death.[3]
  2. The Jisc Library Hub Discover brings together the catalogues of 165 Major UK and Irish libraries.
  3. Her estranged husband Frank Cowper was a noted yachtsman, and was a leader in the field of single-handed cruising.[10]
  4. The matches the number given by Sims and Clare.[1]:155
  5. Subtitled A tale of courage and endurance. Almost no details on Jisc, details instead from second-hand books page.[31]
  6. William Sydney Stacey (Sidney on his baptismal record) (30 June 1846  15 September 1929) was a prolific painter and illustrator who illustrated over 300 children's books,[32]:406-411 mostly for boy's adventure books.[33]:309 Stacey illustrated six of Cowper's books, matching the number illustrated by Gordon Browne.
  7. William Henry Charles Groome (17 November 1884  14 October 1913) was a prolific illustrator of children's books and a skilled watercolourist who appears to have been self-taught. [32]:173-175
  8. Sheldon Press was an imprint of the SPCK.[34]
  9. Thomas Heath Robinson (19 June 1869  13 September 1944) was a talented and versatile painter, illustrator and etcher who was overshadowed by his more famous younger brothers Charles and William Heath Robinson.[32]:406-411
  10. Edward Smith Hodgson (25 April 1866  April 1923) was a well-known Scottish artist who became better knows as an issustrator of boy's adventure books.[32]:234-235
  11. Cassell's Empire library.
  12. Nora Schlegel (18 January 1879  15 November 1963)[35][36] was a magazine illustrator [37], particularly for the Windsor Magazine who also illustrated books and book covers. Most of her illustrations seem to be in half-tone. The Artist did a piece on her in December 1938
  13. John William Campbell (1886  4 May 1935) was a magazine and book illustrator who illustrated some 25 children's books, mostly girls' school stories.[32]:111-112
  14. Charles Dudley Tennant (1866  1952),[38] active 1898  1918. Painter and Illustrator in black and white, full colour, and half-tone.[39]:297 The sculptor Trevor Tenant (2 July 1900  last quarter 1980) was his son.[40]
  15. Available as an E-book on Project Gutenberg.
  16. Dramatised as a 45 minute radio play by Olive Dehn for The Children's Hour in 1936.[41]
  17. John (Jock) Dewar Mills (8 November 1883  24 June 1966) was a book illustrator who worked mainly on books for girls, ecpecially school stories.[32]:287-289
  18. A 98 page abridged edition was published in 1935 as Anna Goes Sailing, a Blackie Graded Story Reader.
  19. Listed as a school story by Sims and Clare[1]:156
  20. Clifford Roger Flemming Williams (11 April 1880  27 December 1940))[42][43] was a black and white artist and watercolourist. He contributed to several magazines,[33]:138 as well as to a small number of books.
  21. Part of Cassell's new girls' library.
  22. Francis Ernest Hiley (12 Feberuary 1878  20 December 1965) was an illustrator who worked on magazines as well as on children's books.[32]:228-231
  23. Captain Series.
  24. William Bryce Hamilton (Brice on baptismal record) (28 October 1894  26 May 1955) illustrated only about 30 children's books. He was more famous for his work illustrating Sexton Blake and his earlier work for The Sphere.[32]:187-188
  25. Percy Bell Hickling (22 September 1976  10 June 1951 was an illustrator with a large magazine output, as well as illustrating children's books, especially girl's school stories.[32]:217-220
  26. Reissued in 1954 in a 168 page abridged edition, edited and adapted for school reading as No.5 in the Girls' section of Blackie's Life and Adventure Series.
  27. Blackie's Graded Story Readers.

References

  1. Sims, Sue; Clare, Hilary (2020). The Encyclopaedia of Girls' School Stories. Coleford, Radstock: Girls Gone By Publishers. ISBN 978-1-84745-257-3.
  2. Northamptonshire Record Office. "Reference: 364P/9: 1876 Marriage Solemnized by Banns in the Church of Wickham in the county of NorthamptonshierLondon: Frank Cooper". Northampton, England: Parish Registers. Northampton: Northamptonshire Record Office. p. 76.
  3. "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Vahey and the year of death 1911". Find a Will Service. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31. Retrieved 2020-08-29.
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  5. Foster, Joseph (1888). Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886: Their Parentage, Birthplace, and Year of Birth, with a Record of Their Degrees: Later Series. Vol. I: A-D. p. 208. Retrieved 2020-08-31 via The Internet Archive.
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  7. London Metropolitan Archives (1905-07-02). "Reference Number: p82/geo1/005: Baptisms solemnized in the Parish Saint George, Bloomsbury. In the County of Middlesex, in the year 1834". London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1917. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. p. 135.
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  9. London Metropolitan Archives (1905-07-02). "Reference Number: P69/BOT4/A/01/Ms 4519/5: Baptisms solemnized in the Parish of St Botolph. Bishopsgate City of London, in the year 1849". London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1917. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. p. 237.
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  12. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  13. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  14. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
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  18. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
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  21. 12439 (1934-01-20). "Literary Notes: Books and Authors". Evening Post (New Zealand) (Saturday 20 January 1934): 20. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31. Retrieved 2020-08-31 via The National Library of New Zealand.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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