Elaphomyces

Elaphomyces (‘deer truffles’) is a genus of hypogeous fungi in the family Elaphomycetaceae. The widespread genus contains 25 truffle-like species.[2] Elaphomyces is one of the most important ectomycorrhizal fungal genera in temperate and subarctic forest ecosystems.[3] E. asperulus, E. granulatus, and E. muricatus were found to accumulate arsenic (12–660 mg/kg in dry mass); the composition of organoarsenicals is very unusual, with methylarsonic acid and trimethylarsine oxide as major As compounds.[4]

Elaphomyces
Elaphomyces muricatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Class:
Eurotiomycetes
Order:
Eurotiales
Family:
Elaphomycetaceae
Genus:
Elaphomyces

Nees (1820)
Type species
Elaphomyces granulatus
Fr. (1829)
Species

25, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Hypogaeum Pers. (1797)
  • Phymatium Chevall. (1826)
  • Ceraunium Wallr. (1833)
  • Ceratogaster Corda (1841)
  • Lycoperdastrum Haller ex Kuntze (1891)
  • Ascoscleroderma Clémencet (1932)

Species
  • Elaphomyces aculeatus
  • Elaphomyces anthracinus
  • Elaphomyces citrinus
  • Elaphomyces compleximurus[5]
  • Elaphomyces cyanosporus
  • Elaphomyces digitatus[5]
  • Elaphomyces granulatus, known as deer balls, hart's balls, hart's truffles, or lycoperdon nuts (cf. Lycoperdon)[6]
  • Elaphomyces japonicus
  • Elaphomyces leucosporus
  • Elaphomyces leveillei
  • Elaphomyces morettii
  • Elaphomyces muricatus
  • Elaphomyces officinalis
  • Elaphomyces viridiseptum

References
  1. "Elaphomyces Nees 1820". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  2. Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 228. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
  3. Paz, A.; Bellanger, J.-M.; Lavoise, C.; Molia, A.; Ławrynowicz, M.; Larsson, E.; Ibarguren, I.O.; Jeppson, M.; Læssøe, T. (2017-06-30). "The genus Elaphomyces (Ascomycota, Eurotiales): a ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny and revised systematics of European 'deer truffles'". Persoonia. 38 (1): 197–239. doi:10.3767/003158517x697309. PMC 5645184. PMID 29151633.
  4. Braeuer, Simone; Borovička, Jan; Goessler, Walter (2018-02-12). "A unique arsenic speciation profile in Elaphomyces spp. ("deer truffles")—trimethylarsine oxide and methylarsonous acid as significant arsenic compounds". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 410 (9): 2283–2290. doi:10.1007/s00216-018-0903-3. ISSN 1618-2642. PMC 5849658. PMID 29430602.
  5. Castellano MA, Henkel TW, Miller SL, Smith ME, Aime MC (2012). "New Elaphomyces species (Elaphomycetaceae, Eurotiales, Ascomycota) from Guyana". Mycologia. 104 (5): 1244–9. doi:10.3852/12-061. PMID 22505430.
  6. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. deer, hart, lycoperdon


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