Escallonia rubra

Escallonia rubra, called redclaws and red escallonia, is a species in the family Escalloniaceae which is native to southern Chile and neighboring areas of Argentina. Cultivated as a garden and hedging plant, it has become naturalized in western Europe, Oregon in the United States, and New Zealand, and is considered invasive in places. It is grown in many other areas, such as Australia. Its cultivar 'Crimson Spire' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]

Escallonia rubra
Escallonia rubra var. macrantha
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Escalloniales
Family: Escalloniaceae
Genus: Escallonia
Species:
E. rubra
Binomial name
Escallonia rubra
Synonyms
  • Escallonia commutata Regel
  • Escallonia concinna Phil.
  • Escallonia dumetorum Phil.
  • Escallonia duplicato-serrata Remy
  • Escallonia duplicatoserrata Remy
  • Escallonia glandulosa Lodd.
  • Escallonia glandulosa Sm.
  • Escallonia ingrami Hort.
  • Escallonia littoralis Phil.
  • Escallonia littoralis var. concinna (Phil.) Reiche
  • Escallonia macrantha var. duplicato-serrata (J.Rémy) Engl.
  • Escallonia macrantha var. duplicatoserrata (J.Rémy) Engl.
  • Escallonia mollis Phil.
  • Escallonia poeppigiana DC.
  • Escallonia poeppigiana var. longifolia DC.
  • Escallonia punctata DC.
  • Escallonia rahmeri Phil.
  • Escallonia rahmeri var. obovata Speg.
  • Escallonia rubra var. concinna (Phil.) Reiche
  • Escallonia rubra var. dumetorum (Phil.) Acevedo & Kausel
  • Escallonia rubra var. glabriuscula Hook. & Arn.
  • Escallonia rubra var. multiflora Poepp. & Endl.
  • Escallonia rubra var. poeppigiana (DC.) Engl.
  • Escallonia rubra var. poeppigiana (DC.) Reiche
  • Escallonia rubra var. pubescens Hook. & Arn.
  • Escallonia rubra var. punctata (DC.) Hook.fil.
  • Escallonia rubra var. rubra
  • Escallonia rubra var. uniflora Poepp. & Endl.
  • Escallonia sanguinea Hort.Veitch.
  • Escallonia sanguinea Hort.Veitch. ex Mast.
  • Stereoxylon rubrum Ruiz & Pav.

Description
A variety with narrower leaves and redder petals

Escallonia rubra is a spreading shrub usually 0.8 to 1.0 m tall and reaching at most 1.5 m, with glossy, serrate evergreen leaves. The pink to crimson trumpet-shaped flowers bloom in July to October in the Northern Hemisphere. The prominent, maroon to red hypanthia are campanulate with acute apices, leading to the common name redclaws.

Varieties

A number of varieties have been described, some of which may still be accepted, depending on the authority.

  • E. rubra var. albiflora Hosseus
  • E. rubra var. albiflora Poepp. & Endl.
  • E. rubra var. dumetorum (Phil.) Acevedo & Kausel
  • E. rubra var. glutinosa Reiche
  • E. rubra var. macrantha Reiche
  • E. rubra var. thalassica Kausel

References
  1. Syn. pl. 1:235. 1805
  2. "Escallonia rubra 'Crimson Spire'". Retrieved 6 November 2019.
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