Fanny Umphelby

Fanny Umphelby (1788 – 9 April 1852) was a British author who wrote a popular primer known by the shortened title The Child's Guide to Knowledge, ... by a Lady.

Life

Umphelby was born and died in London. She wrote The Child's Guide to Knowledge, ... by a Lady, but her fame is due to her nephew's intercession in adding her biography to the DNB.[1] The 1900 Dictionary of National Biography indicates that on publication in 1825 it "became at once a standard" book in the classroom.[2]

The book was first published as 262 Questions and Answers, with the modest attribution "by a Lady", but was later retitled in full The Child's Guide to Knowledge; Being a Collection of Useful and Familiar Questions and Answers on Every-day Subjects, Adapted for Young Persons, and Arranged in the Most Simple and Easy Language.[3][4] The coy attribution caused some confusion as to authorship, with her sister, the wife of Robert Ward, often being credited for early editions of the work, although by 1900 the Dictionary of National Biography was prepared to positively assert that Umphelby was the sole original author.[2][3] By 1899, The Child's Guide to Knowledge was in its 58th edition, with later editions having been updated by her nephew, Robert A. Ward.[2]

Encyclopedias for children in varying subjects were in vogue in the early 19th century.[5] The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature (1984) indicates that The Child's Guide to Knowledge, ... by a Lady was modeled on William Pinnock's Catechisms and Richmal Mangnall's Miscellaneous Questions for the Use of Young People.[6] Umphelby utilized the techniques of the Elucidarium, a 12th-century encyclopedia that presented information as a Socratic dialogue between a teacher and his disciple, but varied the formula to have the pupil present the information instead of the teacher. The book caused a resurgence of popularity around books based on dialogue.[2]

Umphelby also authored A Guide to Jewish History.[2]

References
  1. Susan Drain, ‘Umphelby, Fanny (1788–1852)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 16 Nov 2014
  2. Norcia, Megan A. (1900). "Umphelby, Fanny". Dictionary of National Biography. 58. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
  3. Thwaite, M. F. (1972). From primer to pleasure in reading: an introduction to the history of children's books in England from the invention of printing to 1914, with an outline of some developments in other countries. Library Association. p. 204.
  4. Norcia, Megan A. (30 March 2010). X Marks the Spot: Women Writers Map the Empire for British Children, 1790–1895. Ohio University Press. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-8214-4353-8.
  5. Hancock, Susan (1 January 1998). A Guide to Children's Reference Books and Multimedia Material. Ashgate. p. xvii. ISBN 978-1-85928-256-4.
  6. Carpenter, Humphrey; Prichard, Mari (1984). The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature. Oxford University Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-19-211582-9.
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