Ferredoxin—nitrate reductase
In enzymology, a ferredoxin—nitrate reductase (EC 1.7.7.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- nitrite + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin nitrate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+
| ferredoxin—nitrate reductase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC number | 1.7.7.2 | ||||||||
| CAS number | 60382-69-6 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are nitrite, H2O, and oxidized ferredoxin, whereas its 3 products are nitrate, reduced ferredoxin, and H+. Nitrate Reductase is an essential enzyme present in most biological systems such as green plants, certain fungi, yeasts and bacteria that aids in the reduction of nitrate to ammonium.[1]
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is nitrite:ferredoxin oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include assimilatory nitrate reductase, nitrate (ferredoxin) reductase, and assimilatory ferredoxin-nitrate reductase. This enzyme participates in nitrogen metabolism. It has 4 cofactors: iron, Sulfur, Molybdenum, and Iron-sulfur. The Iron-Sulfur cluster ([4FE-4S]) in this enzyme has a variety of different functions that contribute to the growth of aerobic cells. Some of the functions include but are not limited to the following: involved in photosynthetic processes, electron-transfer reactions and the binding of certain substrates, resulting in activation.[2]
Structural studies
As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 1PFD.
References
- Chamizo-Ampudia A, Sanz-Luque E, Llamas A, Galvan A, Fernandez E (February 2017). "Nitrate Reductase Regulates Plant Nitric Oxide Homeostasis". Trends in Plant Science. 22 (2): 163–174. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2016.12.001. PMID 28065651.
- Imsande J (February 1999). "Iron-sulfur clusters: Formation, perturbation, and physiological functions". Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 37 (2): 87–97. doi:10.1016/S0981-9428(99)80070-9.
Further reading
- Mikami B, Ida S (December 1984). "Purification and properties of ferredoxin—nitrate reductase from the cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 791 (3): 294–304. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(84)90340-6.