Françoise de Brézé
Françoise de Brézé (1515 – 14 October 1577), Suo jure Countess of Maulévrier, was a French noblewoman and courtier. She served as Première dame d'honneur to Queen Catherine de' Medici from 1547 until 1560 and was the regent of the Principality of Sedan from 1553 to 1559.
Life
Early life
Françoise de Brézé was born in 1515 as the first daughter and child of Diane de Poitiers and Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet, Count of Maulévrier and grandson of King Charles VII by his mistress Agnès Sorel. Both of her parents served as a courtiers to King Francis I of France.
In 1538, 23-years-old Françoise married Robert IV de La Marck, Prince of Sedan and Duke of Bouillon.[1]
Court career
Through her mother's high position as King Henry II's mistress, Françoise was appointed Première dame d'honneur to Queen Catherine de' Medici. Despite her chief attendant being the daughter her husband's mistress, Queen Catherine didn't seem to have been personally disliked Françoise. As Première dame d'honneur, Françoise supervised the female courtiers, was in control the household's budget, ordered necessary purchases, organized the annual accounts and staff list, and introducing those seeking audience with the Queen.
From 1553, however, she would in practice have been absent from court attending to her duties as regent of Sedan and dame d'atour Madeleine Buonaiuti would have functioned as Première dame d'honneur accordance with court protocol. Françoise lost her office as Première dame d'honneur upon King Henry's death,[2] but when Catherine became regent in 1560, Françoise was given a position as lady-in-waiting in the Queen Mother's household, which she kept until 1570.[3]
Regent
During her husband's war imprisonment in the Siege of Metz (1553–56) and during the minority of their son Henri Robert (1556–59), Françoise was the capable ruler of the Principality of Sedan. She reportedly kept the finances of Sedan in good accounts and instigated several much needed public works, including Sedan Hospice and Neuve de l'Horloge, the first paved street in the city which still exists today. In 1577, the dead, 62-years-old Princess was buried near her mother-in-law's tomb in the necropolis of the Counts of Dreux, Saint-Yved de Braine.
Issue
She had the following children with Robert IV de La Marck:
- Henri Robert (1539–1574): Succeeded his father as Duke of Bouillon and Prince of Sedan. Married Françoise de Bourbon, daughter of Louis, Duke of Montpensier.
- Charles Robert (1541–1622): Succeeded his Mother as Count of Maulévrier.
- Christian: Died young.
- Antoinette (1542–1591): Married Henri I de Montmorency.
- Guillemette (1543–1544)
- Diane (born 1544): Named after her maternal grandmother. Married 1) Jacques de Clèves, duc de Nevers, 2) Henri de Clermont, 3) Jean Babou, Count of Sagonne.
- Guillemette (1545–1592): Married John III, Count of Ligny.
- Françoise (born 1547): Became an abbess.
- Catherine (born 1548): Married Jacques de Harlay, seigneur de Champvallon.
References
- Carroll 1998, p. 20.
- Una McIlvenna, Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici, 2016
- Una McIlvenna, Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici, 2016
Bibliography
- Carroll, Stuart (1998). Noble Power During the French Wars of Religion: The Guise Affinity and the Catholic Cause in Normandy. Cambridge University Press.
- Alain Sartelet, La Principauté de Sedan, Éditions Terres Ardennaises, 1991, 180 p. (ISBN 2-905339-17-9), p. 11-12.
| Court offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by |
Première dame d'honneur to the Queen of France 1547–1559 |
Succeeded by Guillemette de Sarrebruck |
| Preceded by |
Première dame d'honneur to Catherine de' Medici 1547–1560 |
Succeeded by Jacqueline de Longwy |