Genomoviridae

Genomoviridae is a family of single stranded DNA viruses. The genomes of this family are small (2.2–2.4 kilobases in length). The genomes are circular single-stranded DNA and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique capsid proteins. In Rep-based phylogenies, genomoviruses form a sister clade to plant viruses of the family Geminiviridae.[1][2] Nine genera are currently recognized in this family.

Genomoviridae
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Repensiviricetes
Order: Geplafuvirales
Family: Genomoviridae

The family name is an acronym derived from geminivirus-like, no movement protein.

The genus name Gemycircularvirus stands for Gemini-like myco-infecting circular virus.[3][4] The type species of the genus Gemycircularvirus—Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence associated DNA virus 1—is currently the only cultivated member of the family.[1] The other genomoviruses are uncultivated and have been discovered using metagenomics techniques.[2]

Taxonomy

The genera in this family are:[5]

  • Gemycircularvirus – 43 species
  • Gemyduguivirus – 1 species
  • Gemygorvirus – 5 species
  • Gemykibivirus – 16 species
  • Gemykolovirus – 2 species
  • Gemykrogvirus – 3 species
  • Gemykroznavirus – 1 species
  • Gemytondvirus – 1 species
  • Gemyvongvirus – 1 species

Biology

These viruses have single stranded genomes of 2.1–2.2 kilobases in length. The genome encodes two proteins—a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein. The Rep protein has some homology with the Rep protein of the Geminiviridae. In contrast the CP protein has no known homologues.

References
  1. Krupovic M, Ghabrial SA, Jiang D, Varsani A (2016). "Genomoviridae: a new family of widespread single-stranded DNA viruses". Arch Virol. 161 (9): 2633–2643. doi:10.1007/s00705-016-2943-3. PMID 27343045.
  2. Varsani, Arvind; Krupovic, Mart (2017). "Sequence-based taxonomic framework for the classification of uncultured single-stranded DNA viruses of the family Genomoviridae". Virus Evolution. 3 (1): vew037. doi:10.1093/ve/vew037. PMC 5399927. PMID 28458911.
  3. Rosario K, Dayaram A, Marinov M, Ware J, Kraberger S, Stainton D, Breitbart M, Varsani A (2012). "Diverse circular ssDNA viruses discovered in dragonflies (Odonata: Epiprocta)". J Gen Virol. 93 (12): 2668–81. doi:10.1099/vir.0.045948-0. PMID 22915694.
  4. Yu X, Li B, Fu Y, Jiang D, Ghabrial SA, Li G, Peng Y, Xie J, Cheng J, Huang J, Yi X (2010). "A geminivirus-related DNA mycovirus that confers hypovirulence to a plant pathogenic fungus". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107 (18): 8387–92. doi:10.1073/pnas.0913535107. PMC 2889581. PMID 20404139.
  5. "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
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