Gordon Mathison

Gordon Clunes Mackay Mathison MB BS MD DSc FRCP (10 August 1883 – 18 May 1915) was a physician, medical researcher, and soldier.[1]

Gordon Clunes Mackay Mathison
Born10 August 1883
Stanley, Victoria, Australia
Died18 May 1915 (aged 31)
Alexandria, Egypt
Cause of deathKilled in action (gunshot wound)
NationalityAustralian
Scientific career
FieldsRespiratory physiology

Appointed the first director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne, Australia, he died on 18 May 1915, from wounds received in action on 10 May 1915 during the Gallipoli campaign, before he could take up the position.

Family

The eldest of the three children of Hector Munro Mathison (1850-1895),[2] a State School headmaster, and Mary Martha Mathison (1860-1942),[3] née Barber, Gordon Clunes Mackay Mathison was born at Stanley, near Beechworth, Victoria on 10 August 1883. An older brother, also known as Gordon Clunes Mackay Mathison, had died on 13 January 1883, aged six months.[4]

Soon after his birth, the family moved to Elsternwick, Victoria, where both his father and younger brother Robert Mackay (born 1894) died in 1895.

Education

Primary

He attended Elsternwick State School, where his father and mother both taught, and his father was the headmaster.[5]

Secondary

He attended Caulfield Grammar School from 1896 to 1900,[6] where his scholarship and good character were later remembered.[7][8][9][10][11]

Tertiary

As a member of Queen's College, Mathison studied medicine at the University of Melbourne, receiving many academic awards, from 1901 to 1905.[12][13][14]

Medical research

Mathison's research career began as a University of Melbourne Scholar studying physiology. In 1907 he travelled to England to take up an appointment as a Sharpey Scholar at University College London.[15] He received a Beit Memorial Fellowship in 1910 to conduct research at University College Hospital, where he was awarded a DSc for his research into the physiology of respiration.

During this period he focused on the effects of asphyxia, and was commissioned by the Royal Society to investigate the causes of altitude sickness.[16][17]

Memorial cross erected over the grave of Captain G.C.M. Mathieson

Nominated Director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research

In September 1913 Mathison was appointed Sub-Director of Pathology and Sub-Dean of the Clinical School at the Melbourne Hospital; and, on 23 April 1915, he was nominated as the first director of the nascent Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia's first pathological research institute.

He did not survive to take up the position.[18]

Military Service

While in the United Kingdom, Mathison had been active in the University of London Officers’ Training Corps[16][19] In August 1914, soon after the outbreak of the World War I, he enlisted in the 2nd Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps. He embarked with his unit on HMAT A18 Wiltshire from Melbourne to Egypt on 19 October 1914.[20] Mathison was attached as a medical officer to the 5th Battalion of the Australian Imperial Force at the time of the Battle of Gallipoli.

Death

On 10 May 1915 while resting outside of the aid station where he had been operating, Mathison was wounded by a stray bullet at Cape Helles.[21] He was evacuated to Deaconesses Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt, where he died of his wounds on 18 May 1915, and was buried in the War Memorial Cemetery, at Chatby, near Alexandria.[22] The Imperial War Graves Commission headstone erected over Mathison's grave bears the inscription: HE BEING MADE PERFECT IN A SHORT TIME FULFILLED A LONG TIME.[22]

Legacy
Memorial Tablet[23]
    This cross has been erected and a triennial

lectureship founded by the friends of Gordon
Clunes McKay Mathison, M.D., B.Sc., first director
of the clinical laboratory now included in this
institute, who died of wounds received at Gallipoli
18th May, 1915, aged 31 years
       "Being made perfect in a short time,

        he fulfilled a long time."[24]

The University of Melbourne established a triennial lecture on medical research in Mathison's honour using an endowment from friends of Mathison;[25][26] and, on Friday, 18 May 1917, a memorial tablet was unveiled at the Melbourne Hospital.[27] Those present at the unveiling included Mathison's mother, personal friends of Mathison, Sir Harry Allen, the dean of the faculty of medicine at the University of Melbourne, Sir John Grice, chairman of the Melbourne Hospital committee, Dr. MacFarland, the vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne, members of the University council, members of the medical profession, and members of the Melbourne Hospital committee. Testimony to his attainments, character. and scholarship ("his death was referred to as a national calamity") were given by Sir Harry Allen, Captain Philip Beauchamp Sewell, AAMC, who would also be killed in action not long after,[28] and Sir John Grice. Sir Harry Allen unveiled the memorial tablet (for the text of the tablet, see box at right).

A bequest from Mary Mathison in memory of her son was used to establish the Gordon Clunes Mathison Research Scholarship at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research [29]

His name is located at panel 183 in the Commemorative Area at the Australian War Memorial.

See also

Footnotes
  1. Note that, in certain records, such as the 1914 Electoral Roll (for the East Melbourne subdivision of the Melbourne Division (p55), his family name is given with the variant spelling of "Mathieson".
  2. Deaths: Mathison, The Argus, (Friday, 11 October 1895, p.1.
  3. Deaths: Mathison, The Age, (Monday, 2 March 1942), p.7.
  4. Death: Mathison, (Thursday, 18 January, 1883), p.2.
  5. Local Items, The Caulfield and Elsternwick Leader, (Saturday, 13 September 1890), p.5.
  6. Webber (1981), p.305.
  7. School Speech Days: Caulfield Grammar School (IVA), (Tuesday 22 December 1896), p.7.
  8. School Speech Days: Caulfield Grammar School (VB), (Wednesday 22 December 1897), p.6.
  9. School Speech Days: Caulfield Grammar School (Passed Matriculation), (Wednesday 26 December 1900), p.7.
  10. Caulfield Grammar School Jubilee Book (1931), Ramsay Publishing, Melbourne, Australia, provided by Caulfield Grammar School
  11. School Speech Days: Caulfield Grammar School, The Argus, (Saturday, 19 December 1908), p.15.
  12. The Argus, 1 March 1910.
  13. University of Melbourne: Annual Examination: Nov. 1903, The Argus, (Tuesday 1 December 1903), p.7.
  14. University of Melbourne:Final Honour Examinations: First Term, 1906: Results, The Argus, (Thursday 29 March 1906), p.9.
  15. Personal: Mr. G. C. Mathison, M.B., B.S., The Argus, (Friday 21 August 1908), p.6.
  16. BMJ Obituary.
  17. Caulfield Grammar School Magazine, Vol.1, No.1, (December 1909), p.15.
  18. The position was subsequently offered to Dr Sydney Patterson. (Macfarlane Burnet, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute 1915–1965 (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1971); Brothers, 2002).
  19. Caulfield Grammar School Magazine, Volume 1; No 1 1909 (Dec) p15
  20. "The AIF Project". Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2011.
  21. Red Cross Files.
  22. "Casualty Details: Mathison, Gordon Clunes Mackay". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
  23. The Argus, 19 May 1917.
  24. Paraphrase of Solomon, 4:13-14: "He, being made perfect in a short time, fulfilled a long time: for his soul pleased the Lord: therefore hasted he to take him away from among the wicked. (King James version).
  25. Melbourne Medical School.
  26. Chiron Obituary.
  27. The Argus, 19 May 1917.
  28. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour — Philip Beauchamp Sewell.
  29. Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Annual Report, 1942

References
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