Grapevine leafroll-associated virus

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus
Virus classification
Group:	Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Family:	Closteroviridae
Genus:	Ampelovirus
Species:	Grapevine leafroll-associated virus
Subspecies
	?Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3; ?Grapevine corky bark-associated virus; ?Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1; ?Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2; ?Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV) is a name for a group of viruses infecting grapevine in the genus Closterovirus.[1]

Obscure mealybugs (Pseudococcus viburni) feed on the phloem of vines and woody-stemmed plants, especially pear and apple trees and grape vines.[2] Some individuals are vectors for infectious pathogens and can transmit them from plant to plant while feeding; mealybug-spread grapevine leafroll associated virus type III (GRLaV-3), in particular, has wreaked havoc among the grapes of New Zealand, reducing the crop yield of infected vineyards by up to 60%.[3]

Leafroll viruses are associated with rugose wood condition of grapevine.[4]

References

Maree HJ, Almeida RP, Bester R, Chooi KM, Cohen D, Dolja VV, Fuchs MF, Golino DA, Jooste AE, Martelli GP, Naidu RA, Rowhani A, Saldarelli P, Burger JT (2013). "Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3". Front Microbiol. 4: 82. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00082. PMC 3627144. PMID 23596440.
Varela et al. (2006), p.2
Hamlet (2005), p. 1
Tomažič, Irma; Mavrič Pleško, Irena; Petrovič, Nataša; Ravnikar, Maja; Korošec-Koruza, Zora (2008). "Introduction of Grapevine virus B and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 testing in sanitary selection of grapevine" (PDF). Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 91 (1): 75–85. doi:10.2478/v10014-008-0008-3.

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[1] Maree HJ, Almeida RP, Bester R, Chooi KM, Cohen D, Dolja VV, Fuchs MF, Golino DA, Jooste AE, Martelli GP, Naidu RA, Rowhani A, Saldarelli P, Burger JT (2013). "Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3". Front Microbiol. 4: 82. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00082. PMC 3627144. PMID 23596440.

[Varela_et_al._2006,_p.2-2] Varela et al. (2006), p.2

[Hamlet1-3] Hamlet (2005), p. 1

[4] Tomažič, Irma; Mavrič Pleško, Irena; Petrovič, Nataša; Ravnikar, Maja; Korošec-Koruza, Zora (2008). "Introduction of Grapevine virus B and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 testing in sanitary selection of grapevine" (PDF). Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 91 (1): 75–85. doi:10.2478/v10014-008-0008-3.