Great Falls Public Schools

The city's public school system was established in 1886. That year, the city opened the Whittier Building (later known as Whittier Elementary School) and began holding ungraded educational instruction for all students there.[1] Great Falls High School, the city's first high school, was founded in the fall of 1890 by the city of Great Falls after four teenage girls (newly arrived in the city) asked to receive a high school public education.[6] "Junior High School", later known as Largent Elementary School, opened in 1918 and was the city's first junior high school.[7] The city's second high school, Charles M. Russell High School, was built in 1964 and opened in the fall of 1965.[8] Skyline Elementary School opened in 1970, and as of 2015 was the last school building constructed in the school district.[7]

The school district weathered a deeply divisive 15-day teachers' strike in 1975 in which class size and pay were the primary issues.[9] A 29-day strike occurred in 1989.[10] In the 1990s, the school system began devolving responsibility for school policy and operations to the local schools, and struggled with finding the right balance between centralization and decentralization.[11]

In 1992, the school system was involved in an open records lawsuit that went all the way to the Montana Supreme Court. On September 10, 1990, the GFPS board of trustees met privately to discuss a report regarding collective bargaining negotiations with the Great Falls Education Association.[12] The board rejected the report without discussion at its public session, at which time the local newspaper, the Great Falls Tribune, sued—arguing the private meeting was a violation of the Article II, Section 9, of the Montana Constitution (a particularly strongly worded provision that gives citizens the right to observe deliberations and examine documents at public meetings).[12] GFPS attorneys argued that state law provided an exception in the case of collective bargaining negotiations. A state district court ruled in favor of the school district, but a state appellate court overturned that ruling and held the state law's collective bargaining exception to be unconstitutional. In 1992 in Great Falls Tribune Co. v. Great Falls Public Schools, the Montana Supreme Court upheld the appellate court, concluding, "The collective bargaining strategy exception is an impermissible attempt by the Legislature to extend the grounds upon which a meeting may be closed."[13]

In 2012, the Great Falls Public Schools received a $10,000 "Graduation Matters" grant from the state Office of Public Instruction as part of a program to lower the city's dropout rate. The grant was the largest given to any school district by the state.[14]

Tammy Lacey took over as school district superintendent on July 1, 2013. Lacey, who has a Master of Arts degree in educational leadership, is a graduate of Charles M. Russell High School. She was formerly a first grade teacher at Valley View Elementary School in Great Falls; principal at Fairfield Elementary School in Fairfield, Montana; and Human Resources Director for GFPS from 2007 to 2013. Lacey was also the first teacher in the GFPS school district to be appointed a Teacher on Special Assignment—in which a gifted teacher is removed from the classroom in order to develop good-teaching materials, and train and coach teachers into becoming better educators.[15] Lacey's salary was $136,000 ($149,270 in 2019 dollars), and she was given a three-year contract. In January 2015, the GFPS school board extended Lacey's contract another three years.[16]

The Great Falls Public Schools is led by a seven-member board of trustees, which from among their members a chair and vice-chair.[21] The Board has formed a number of committees—some of which include Board members and many of which do not—which provide advice and expertise to the Board concerning school district operations. These include committees on: Budget, school year calendar, communication, curriculum, employee wellness, English as a second language instruction, curriculum implementation, insurance, labor-management relations, leadership team, staff development (PIR), staff development assessment (Professional Learning Community Time, or PLCT), safety, student wellness, superintendent's cabinet (an administrative leadership team), and technology.[22] A superintendent (chief administrative and executive officer) is hired by the board and oversees daily operation of the school system and the implementation and assessment of board policies and decisions.[23]

In 2009, the school district began facing major civil and criminal complaints about its treatment of special needs children. That year, Tifonie Schilling alleged that two special education paraprofessionals and a special education teacher at North Middle School had physically abused her son.[24][25][lower-alpha 1][26] An investigation by the Great Falls Public Schools supported one of three accusations made by Schilling.[26] When news media reported the allegations, three other families made similar accusations of abuse to the Great Falls Police Department, but no charges came of them.[24] The two paraprofessionals were charged in 2009 with felony assault of a minor and misdemeanor endangering the welfare of a child. No charges were filed against the teacher, as police found no evidence that she directly abused the child. Montana's Attorney General Steve Bullock declined to investigate the allegations, arguing that this was the province of city prosecutors and he would not second-guess them without clear evidence of abuse of prosecutorial discretion. He also contended that the allegations were a matter of professional ethics and district school policy, and should be handled administratively.[26] Great Falls city prosecutors eventually agreed to defer charges against the two.[24] In November 2011, several families of special needs children filed a lawsuit against the school district, alleging that GFPS knew the paraprofessionals were abusing children in February 2008 (a year before the Schilling case came to light).[lower-alpha 2][24] GFPS settled out of court with seven families in November 2012, agreeing to pay a total of $595,000 to parents of children abused between 2007 and 2009.[25] Meanwhile, in 2010, Schilling filed a $4 million discrimination claim against GFPS with the Montana Human Rights Commission. On May 19, 2011, the Human Rights Commission ordered the school district to pay $150,000 to Schilling for discriminating against her son based on his mental, physical, emotional, and developmental handicaps.[27] GFPS sued to overturn the decision of the Montana Human Rights Commission, and as of September 2014 the appeal was still not resolved.[28]

The Great Falls Public Schools spent $5,998 per pupil in the 2010-2011 school year, substantially less that the statewide average of $6,356 per pupil.[29]

The Great Falls Public Schools Foundation (GFPSF) was established in 2010 by the Great Falls Public Schools to act as the community recipient for donations made to the public school system. The foundation's goal is to establish a permanent fund that can support both the most disadvantaged and neediest students in the school system, as well as provide enhanced education, rewards, and opportunities for high-achieving students and educators.

In November 2016, the GFPSF received a $1 million from the Astrin family of Great Falls. Local physician Charles Astrin and his wife, Judy, made the bequest in memory of their daughter, Jennifer, a 1992 graduate of C.M. Russell High School who died in a vehicular accident in 1993. The Astrin donation established a $1,500-a-year higher education scholarship for a financially disadvantaged student at C.M. Russell High School, Great Falls High School, and Paris Gibson Education Center. Each scholarship is renewable for four years. The Astrin donation also funded a $10,000 annual grant to support students in dual-credit classes. The Astrin bequest was the largest donation the GFPSF history.[39]

Notes

Citations

• Robison, Ken. Cascade County and Great Falls. Mount Pleasant, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, 2011.
• Small, Lawrence F. Religion in Montana: Pathways to the Present. Billings, Mont.: Rocky Mountain College, 1992.
• Superintendent of Public Instruction. Biennial Report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction. Vol. II. Montana Department of Public Instruction. Helena, Mont.: Independent Publishing Co., 1903.
• Yingst, Lonnie. "Better Decisions Without the Surprises: Communication as the Key to the Principal-Superintendent Relationship." In The Changing Relationship Between Principal and Superintendent: Shifting Roles in an Era of Educational Reform. Rebeca van der Bogert, ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1999.