Grishk

Grishk (Pashto: ګرشک‎), also spelled Girishk or Gereshk, is a town in Grishk District in Helmand province on the Helmand River in Afghanistan, some 120 km (75 mi) northwest of Kandahar, at 817 metres (2,680 ft) altitude. Upstream lies the Kajaki Dam which diverts water to the Boghra Irrigation Canal, an essential infrastructure for the region's crops. Grishk Dam is also nearby. Grishk was originally built around a fort on the east bank of the river but was later rebuilt on the west. The fort was twice captured by the British: first in the First Anglo-Afghan War and again in 1879. In both cases the fort was later abandoned. Grishk has a population of about 48,546 and has a hospital and a school of engineering which was built back in 1957.

Grishk
Grishk
Location in Afghanistan
Coordinates: 31°49′N 64°33′E
Country Afghanistan
ProvinceHelmand Province
Elevation
2,680 ft (817 m)
Time zoneUTC+4:30

Grishk is located on the important transport route known as Highway 1, which was built during the time of the Soviet–Afghan War. This route links Farah Province in the west and to Kandahar Province in the east. As part of Operation Moshtarak the British Army and Afghan workers are constructing Route Trident, a road that will eventually connect Grishk with the provincial capital of Lashkar Gah.[1] Grishk is also the southern terminus of Route 611. The area is irrigated by the Helmand and Arghandab Valley Authority.[2]

Climate

Grishk has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh), characterised by little precipitation and high variation between summer and winter temperatures. The average temperature in Grishk is 19.6 °C, while the annual precipitation averages 117 mm. Summers start in mid-May, last until late-September, and are extremely dry. July is the hottest month of the year with an average temperature of 32.2 °C. The coldest month January has an average temperature of 7.0 °C.

Climate data for Grishk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 14.0
(57.2)		 16.7
(62.1)		 23.4
(74.1)		 28.5
(83.3)		 34.9
(94.8)		 40.1
(104.2)		 41.3
(106.3)		 39.6
(103.3)		 35.1
(95.2)		 29.2
(84.6)		 21.6
(70.9)		 16.0
(60.8)		 28.4
(83.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6)		 9.7
(49.5)		 15.7
(60.3)		 20.3
(68.5)		 25.9
(78.6)		 30.3
(86.5)		 32.2
(90.0)		 29.9
(85.8)		 24.6
(76.3)		 18.9
(66.0)		 12.3
(54.1)		 8.0
(46.4)		 19.6
(67.2)
Average low °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0)		 2.7
(36.9)		 8.0
(46.4)		 12.1
(53.8)		 16.9
(62.4)		 20.6
(69.1)		 23.2
(73.8)		 20.3
(68.5)		 14.2
(57.6)		 8.7
(47.7)		 3.1
(37.6)		 0.0
(32.0)		 10.8
(51.5)
Source: Climate-Data.org[3]

Ethnography

Grishk was under control of Noorzai tribe at the time of Taliban. There is a majority of Pashtuns, with some Aimaq . Mullah Mir Hamza an ethnic Pashtun from Noorzai tribe was the District governor of Grishk, and Mullah Mahmmad Azam an ethnic Pashtun from Noorzai tribe was the Commander of Taliban in Grishk.

Textual sources: Louis Dupree, Afghanistan. 1st Edition: 1973; Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan, 3rd ed., 2003.

Cartographic sources: S.I. Bruk, Narody Peredney Azii (1960); S.I. Bruk, and V. S. Apenchenko, Atlas Narodov Mira (Moscow: Academy of Science, 1964) A. Gabriel, Religionsgeographie von Persien (Vienna, 1971).

Operation Enduring Freedom

In November, 2003, Abdul Wahed died in Grishk at the special forces base, after torture by the Afghan army.[4] In April 2008 2nd Battalion 7th Marines, Echo Co, which was sent there to help support train the Afghan Police, worked with the Danish and British military.[5]

On December 4, 2008 two Danish soldiers were killed near Grishk.[6]

See also

References
  1. "Progress slow and messy in Afghanistan". BBC News. 28 January 2010. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  2. (pdf) The Helmand Valley Project in Afghanistan: A.I.D. Evaluation Special Study No. 18 C Clapp-Wicek & E Baldwin, U.S. Agency for International Development, published December 1983
  3. "Climate: Gereshk - Climate-Data.org". Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  4. NYTimes: US Fails to Investigate Abuses
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2012-02-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. Two Danish soldiers killed in Afghanistan
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