Gruppe 33

Gruppe 33 (English: Group 33) was an anti-fascist collective of Swiss artists founded in Basel.

History

“Group 33” was founded on the same day Nazis began burning books en masse, 10 May 1933.[1] It was formed by 15 artists out of a shared political ideology in conjunction with a growing resistance to Nazi influence in the border town of Basel.[2] The members also opposed the dominance of older conservative artists who controlled the Society of Swiss Painters, Sculptors, and Architects (German: Gesellschaft Schweizerischer Maler, Bildhauer und Architekten, or GSMBA).[3]

The collective was mostly made up of artists and architects from many different disciplines, but also included poets, musicians, actors, and writers.[3] Their work was varied in expression as well as medium, incorporating avant-garde, surrealism, constructivism, and New Objectivity.[2]

Over the course of several decades, 38 artists came to be associated with Gruppe 33. It continued to serve as a network emerging expressions and artistic movements. The group was officially dissolved in 1970.[3] In 1983, a retrospective of the group’s work was held at the Kunsthalle Basel.[4]

Founding members

Further members

  • Meret Oppenheim, artist[5]

References

  1. Kraft, Martin (1983). "50 Jahre "Gruppe 33"". Die Zeitschrift der Kultur: 72–74.
  2. "ticinARTE - ticinarte.ch". www.ticinarte.ch (in German). Retrieved 2018-05-01.
  3. Christ, Dorothea (1983). "Die Bedeutung der Gruppe 33". Basler Stadtbuch: 31–41.
  4. Halder-Zwez, Annelise (18 July 1983). "In harter Zeit gegen den Strom". Aargauer Tagblatt.
  5. Irene Meier, "Gruppe 33", Editions Galerie zem Specht, 1983, Basel, page 403, ISBN 3856960066.
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