HRK (gene)

Activator of apoptosis harakiri is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HRK gene.[3][4]

HRK
Available structures
PDBHuman UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesHRK, DP5, HARAKIRI, harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein
External IDsOMIM: 603447 HomoloGene: 136405 GeneCards: HRK
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 12 (human)[1]
Band12q24.22Start116,856,144 bp[1]
End116,881,441 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern


More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

8739

n/a

Ensembl

ENSG00000135116

n/a

UniProt

O00198

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003806

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003797

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 116.86 – 116.88 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2]n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Function

Activator of apoptosis Hrk regulates apoptosis through interaction with death-repressor proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L). The HRK protein lacks significant homology to other BCL2 family members except for an 8-amino acid region that was similar to the BCL2 homology domain-3 (BH3) motif of BIK. HRK interacts with BCL2 and BCLXL via the BH3 domain, but not with the death-promoting BCL2-related proteins BAX, BAK, or BCLXS. HRK localizes to membranes of intracellular organelles in a pattern similar to that previously reported for BCL2 and BCLXL.[4]

Interactions

HRK (gene) has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135116 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. Inohara N, Ding L, Chen S, Núñez G (May 1997). "harakiri, a novel regulator of cell death, encodes a protein that activates apoptosis and interacts selectively with survival-promoting proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L)". EMBO J. 16 (7): 1686–94. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.7.1686. PMC 1169772. PMID 9130713.
  4. "Entrez Gene: HRK harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein (contains only BH3 domain)".
  5. Whitfield J, Harada K, Bardelle C, Staddon JM (Nov 2003). "High-throughput methods to detect dimerization of Bcl-2 family proteins". Anal. Biochem. 322 (2): 170–8. doi:10.1016/j.ab.2003.07.014. PMID 14596824.
  6. Imaizumi K, Morihara T, Mori Y, Katayama T, Tsuda M, Furuyama T, Wanaka A, Takeda M, Tohyama M (Mar 1999). "The cell death-promoting gene DP5, which interacts with the BCL2 family, is induced during neuronal apoptosis following exposure to amyloid beta protein". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (12): 7975–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.12.7975. PMID 10075695.
  7. Chen L, Willis SN, Wei A, Smith BJ, Fletcher JI, Hinds MG, Colman PM, Day CL, Adams JM, Huang DC (Feb 2005). "Differential targeting of prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins by their BH3-only ligands allows complementary apoptotic function". Mol. Cell. 17 (3): 393–403. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.12.030. PMID 15694340.

Further reading


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