Helge Palmcrantz

Helge Palmcrantz (July 7, 1842–November 22, 1880) was a Swedish inventor and industrialist. [1]

Helge Palmcrantz
Born
Carl Helge Julius Palmcrantz

(1842-07-07)July 7, 1842
Hammerdal, Sweden
DiedNovember 22, 1880(1880-11-22) (aged 38)
Stockholm, Sweden
Nationality Sweden
OccupationInventor, Firearms designer
Spouse(s)Susanna Josephina Winborg

Biography

Palmcrantz was born at Hammerdal in Jämtland, Sweden. He was the son of Per Gustaf Palmcrantz (1806–1905) and Lovisa Ulrika Nordenmark His father was a captain in the Jämtland Ranger Regiment. He was enlisted as a cadet in his father's regiment, where he worked on land survey. After a couple of years he left the regiment to study at the Technological Institute of Stockholm, later known as KTH Royal Institute of Technology.

In partnership with his brother-in-law, Theodor Winborg (1832-1918), Palmcrantz founded a small workshop on Vollmar Yxkullsgatan 25, Södermalm, Stockholm. As number of employees increased along with the production volume, he moved to a new factory on Kungsholmen, Stockholm, where they manufactured firearms, reaping machines, mowers and other agricultural equipment of their own design.[2] Later on there would be Palmcrantz factory, Palmcrantzska Fabriken, on Lövholmen, Stockholm.[3] [4]

In 1868, the first version of his machine-gun was finished and a demonstration of its capacity was held on Ladugårdsgärdet, Stockholm in front of the Swedish Defense Minister; G.R. Abel. After a couple of modifications and improvements, he patented the multi-barrel, lever-actuated, machine gun and it was bought into the Swedish army. Same year, the machine-gun was shown on the 1873 Vienna World's Fair.

To reach international success, Palmcrantz met industrialist Thorsten Nordenfelt (1842-1920) in 1875 and the latter's company became his British agent. They agreed to market the machine-gun under the then well known Nordenfelt brand and his second model would later be known as the Nordenfelt machine-gun after his financial backer. It was Nordenfelt who convinced Palmcrantz to increase the caliber of his gun to one inch, making it a suitable weapon for use against the growing threat of torpedo boats.[5]

Palmcrantz succumbed to an early death from a bleeding ulcer. He was buried at Norra Begravningsplatsen in Stockholm.

Helge Palmcrantz has a former school named after him; Palmcrantzskolan in Östersund. The block names "Kulsprutan" and "Lavetten" on Kungsholmen is named after his factories at Hantverkargatan.

References
  1. "C Helge J Palmcrantz". Svenskt biografiskt lexikon. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  2. "patent 2309". The Commissioners of patents' journal. Great Britain. Patent Office. 1876. p. 2153.
  3. "Aktiebolaget Palmcrantz & C:o". Sveriges industri - dess stormän och befrämjare. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  4. "Carl Helge Julius Palmcrantz". Technical Museum. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  5. Smith, Anthony (2004). Machine Gun: The Story of the Men and the Weapon That Changed the Face of War. Macmillan. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-312-93477-4.
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