High plains disease

High plains disease is a viral disease afflicting wheat and maize. It is caused by the negative-sense ssRNA virus High Plains wheat mosaic emaravirus. Symptoms are similar to Wheat streak mosaic virus, with leaf veins showing yellow flecks and streaks, followed by leaf margin purpling in maize.[1] Depending on the timing of infection, stunting and death occur. Plants can be doubly infected with high plains virus and wheat streak mosaic virus.

Vector and hosts

High plains virus is spread by wheat curl mites, Aceria tosichella, which are small enough to be carried on air currents. Sandbur grass species are a known host for the wheat curl mite. High plains disease also may occur on barley, oats and rye, and on drooping brome Bromus tectorum and yellow foxtail Setaria pumila grasses.[2]

Management

An ELISA test is available to detect high plains disease.[3] Infection can be avoided by elimination of volunteer crop and wild host plants prior to planting.[4] Resistant varieties of maize exist.[5][6][7][8][9]

References
  1. Stanley G. Jensen (July 26, 2012). "The high plains virus". University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  2. Hoy, Marjorie A. (2011). Agricultural Acarology: Introduction to Integrated Mite Management. CRC Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-4398-1753-7.
  3. Abdullahi, I.; Bennypaul, H.; Phelan, J.; Aboukhaddour, R.; Harding, M. W. (2020-10-20). "First Report of High Plains Wheat Mosaic Emaravirus Infecting Foxtail Barley and Wheat in Canada". Plant Disease. American Phytopathological Society. 104 (12): PDIS–04–20–0872. doi:10.1094/pdis-04-20-0872-pdn. ISSN 0191-2917.
  4. Bowden, Robert L. "Factsheets - Wheat - High Plains Virus on Wheat and Corn" (PDF). Kansas State University.
  5. Kaeppler, SM; Marçon, A; Jensen, SG (1997). "Genetic mapping of resistance to high plains virus in maize". Plant and Animal Genome Res. V. San Diego: 100.
  6. Marçon, A.; Kaeppler, S. M.; Jensen, S. G. (1997). "Genetic Variability Among Maize Inbred Lines for Resistance to the High Plains Virus-Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Complex". Plant Disease. American Phytopathological Society. 81 (2): 195–198. doi:10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.2.195. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 30870896.
  7. Marçon, A.; Kaeppler, S.M.; Jensen, S.G. (1997). "Resistance to Systemic Spread of High Plains Virus and Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Cosegregates in Two F2 Maize Populations Inoculated with Both Pathogens". Crop Science. Wiley. 37 (6): 1923–1927. doi:10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060042x. ISSN 0011-183X.
  8. Marçon, A.; Kaeppler, S. M.; Jensen, S. G.; Senior, L.; Stuber, C. (1999). "Loci Controlling Resistance to High Plains Virus and Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus in a B73 × Mo17 Population of Maize". Crop Science. Wiley. 39 (4): 1171–1177. doi:10.2135/cropsci1999.0011183X003900040037x. ISSN 0011-183X.
  9. Rodriguez-Ballesteros, OR; Marçon, A; Frederiksen, RA; Rush, CM; Heidel, G; Jeffers, D; Kaeppler, SM; Jensen, SG (1996). Michels, J; Rush, C (eds.). "Genetics of resistance to high plains disease in maize". Proceedings of the High Plains Virus Symposium October 19-20, 1995. Amarillo, Texas: Texas A&M University: 59–77.
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