Humaria hemisphaerica

Humaria hemisphaerica, commonly known as the hairy fairy cup[1] or the brown-haired fairy cup,[2] is a species of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. This mycorrhizal fungus is recognized by its white inner surface and hairy brown outer surface. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word hemisphaericum, meaning half a sphere.

Humaria hemisphaerica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Phylum:
Ascomycota
Class:
Pezizomycetes
Order:
Pezizales
Family:
Pyronemataceae
Genus:
Humaria
Species:
H. hemisphaerica
Binomial name
Humaria hemisphaerica
(F.H. Wigg.) Fuckel (1870)
Synonyms

Lachnea hemisphaerica
  (F.H. Wigg.) Gillet (1879)
Mycolachnea hemisphaerica
  (F.H. Wigg.) Maire (1937)
Peziza hemisphaerica
  F.H. Wigg. (1780)
Peziza hispida
  Sowerby

Humaria hemisphaerica
float
Mycological characteristics
smooth hymenium
cap is infundibuliform
hymenium attachment is irregular or not applicable
lacks a stipe
ecology is mycorrhizal
edibility: inedible

Taxonomy

This species was originally described by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1823 as Peziza hemisphaerica.[3] He considered it to be one of the Lachnia, a name he applied to cup fungi with hairy apothecia. In 1870 Leopold Fuckel transferred P. hemisphaerica to the genus Humaria.[4]

Description

Humaria hemisphaerica has fruiting bodies (apothecia) that typically measure 2 to 3 cm (0.79 to 1.2 in) in diameter by 1 to 1.5 cm (0.39 to 0.59 in) deep.[5] The fruiting bodies are initially spherical and expand to become cuplike at the fungus matures. This species typically does not have a stipe―when it does, it is present as a small abrupt base. The inner surface of the fruiting body (the hymenium) is white, while the outer hairy surface is brown and covered with brown hairs that taper to a sharp point. These hairs are 400–500 x 15–20 μm. The ascospores are elliptical, hyaline, 20–22 x 10–11 μm, and have 2–3 oil droplets.[6] The hairy fairy cup is inedible.[2]

Habitat

Humaria hemisphaerica grows solitary, scattered, or in groups on the ground or sometimes on rotten wood in wooded areas.[1]

Similar species

There are several other cup fungi with hairy exteriors that may be confused with H. hemisphaerica. Jafnea semitotsa is larger (2–5 cm diameter) with a brown interior and a short stipe. Trichophaea boudieri and Trichophaea bullata are smaller (1–6 mm diameter).Trichophaea abundans is another small species that prefers to grow in burned areas.[1]

References
  1. Arora D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Berkeley, Calif: Ten Speed Press. pp. 839–840. ISBN 0-89815-169-4.
  2. Roody WC. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, Ky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 465. ISBN 0-8131-9039-8.
  3. Fries EM. (1823). Systema mycologicum. Vol 2. Ex Officina Berlingiana, Lundae, Sweden. 620 pp.
  4. Fuckel L. (1870). Symbolae mycologicae. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der rheinischen Pilze. Jahrbuch des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde 23–24:1–459.
  5. Rosanne A. Healy; Huffman, Donald R.; Lois H. Tiffany; George Knaphaus (2008). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of the Midcontinental United States (Bur Oak Guide). Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. p. 279. ISBN 1-58729-627-6.
  6. Tylutki, Edmund E. (1979). Mushrooms of Idaho and the Pacific Northwest. Moscow: University Press of Idaho. p. 90. ISBN 0-89301-062-6.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.