ISO/IEC JTC 1

ISO/IEC JTC 1 was formed in 1987 as a merger between ISO/TC 97 (Information Technology) and IEC/TC 83, with IEC/SC 47B joining later. The intent was to bring together, in a single committee, the IT standardization activities of the two parent organizations in order to avoid duplicative or possibly incompatible standards. At the time of its formation, the mandate of JTC 1 was to develop base standards in information technology upon which other technical committees could build. This would allow for the development of domain and application specific standards that could be applicable to specific business domains, while also ensuring the interoperation and function of the standards on a consistent base.[2]

In its first 15 years, JTC 1 brought about many standards in the information technology sector, including standards in the fields of multimedia (such as MPEG), IC cards (or "smart cards"), ICT security, programming languages, and character sets (such as the Universal Character Set).[2][3] In the early 2000s, the organization expanded its standards development into fields such as security and authentication, bandwidth/connection management, storage and data management, software and systems engineering, service protocols, portable computing devices, and certain societal aspects such as data protection and cultural and linguistic adaptability.

For more than 25 years, JTC 1 has provided a standards development environment where experts come together to develop worldwide Information and Communication Technology (ICT) standards for business and consumer applications. JTC 1 is also addressing such critical areas as teleconferences and e-meetings, cloud data management interface, biometrics in identity management, sensor networks for smart grid systems, and corporate governance of ICT implementation. As technologies converge, JTC 1 acts as a system integrator, especially in areas of standardization in which many consortia and forums are active. JTC 1 provides the standards approval environment for integrating diverse and complex ICT technologies. These standards rely upon the core infrastructure technologies developed by JTC 1 centers of expertise complemented by specifications developed in other organizations.[4][5] There are over 2800 published JTC 1 standards developed by some 2100 technical experts from around the world, many of which are freely available for download.[6][7]

JTC 1 has implemented a 'publicly available specification' (PAS) process. The PAS process allows a PAS to be approved as an ISO/IEC standard within 9 months. Consortia, such as OASIS, Trusted Computing Group (TCG), The Open Group, Object Management Group (OMG), W3C, Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF), Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA), Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), GS1, Spice User Group, Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF), NESMA, and Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) use this process to transpose their specifications in an efficient manner into ISO/IEC standards.[10]

The scope of ISO/IEC JTC 1 is "International standardization in the field of Information Technology". Its official mandate is to develop, maintain, promote and facilitate IT standards required by global markets meeting business and user requirements concerning:

• The design and development of IT systems and tools
• The performance and quality of IT products and systems
• The security of IT systems and information
• The portability of application programs
• The interoperability of IT products and systems
• The unified tools and environments
• The harmonized IT vocabulary
• The user-friendly and ergonomically-designed user interfaces

JTC 1 has a number of principles that guide standards development within the organization, which include:[11]

• Standards development conducted with full attention to a strong business-like approach (e.g., cost effective, short development times, market-oriented results)
• Providing a wide range of quality products and services, within the JTC 1 scope and mission, to cover identified global needs
• Promoting the use of its products and services and the timely implementation of JTC 1 standards within the form of useful products on a worldwide basis
• Ensuring that its user needs, including multicultural requirements, are fully met, such that its products and services promote international trade
• Recognizing the value of the work of other organizations and the contribution they make to international IT standardization and complementing existing and forthcoming JTC 1 programs through other leading edge activity with the objective of providing the best standards worldwide
• Providing a standards development environment which attracts technical experts and users having identified standardization needs

Membership in JTC 1 is open to any national body, as is the case for membership in either of the two parent organizations. A member can be either participating (P) or observing (O), with the difference mainly being the ability to vote on proposed standards. There are a number of countries that are active participants of JTC 1, as well as a number of observing countries.[12] The secretariat of JTC 1 is the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), located in the United States.

Other organizations can participate as Liaison Members, some of which are internal to ISO/IEC and some of which are external. The external organizations that are in liaison with JTC 1 are:

• European Commission (EC)
• Ecma International
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU), including ITU-T Study Group 16 on Multimedia

Most work on the development of standards is done by subcommittees (SCs), each of which deals with a particular field. Most of these subcommittees have several working groups (WGs). Subcommittees, working groups, special working groups (SWGs), and study groups (SGs) within JTC 1 are:[13]

Each subcommittee can have subgroups created for specific purposes:

• Study Groups (SGs) are chartered to investigate the need and feasibility of additional standardization and/or guidance in a technical area. The main objective of a Study Group is to understand the current activities in a particular area and make recommendations to JTC 1 or a specific subcommittee.
• Working Groups (WGs) are established to expedite development of one or more approved work items, and will exist as long as it has responsibility for approved work items.
• Other Working Groups (OWGs) undertake specific tasks between the meetings of a subcommittee. These tasks are defined in the terms of reference of the OWG.

Subcommittees can be created to deal with new situations (SC 37 was established in 2002; SC 38 in 2009; SC 39 in 2012; and SC 40 in 2013) or disbanded if the area of work is no longer relevant. There is no requirement for any member body to maintain status on any or all of the subcommittees.

• International Organization for Standardization
• International Electrotechnical Commission
• American National Standards Institute
• List of IEC Technical Committees
• List of ISO standards

• ISO/IEC JTC 1 page at ISO
• JTC1 homepage