Integral closure of an ideal

In algebra, the integral closure of an ideal I of a commutative ring R, denoted by , is the set of all elements r in R that are integral over I: there exist such that

It is similar to the integral closure of a subring. For example, if R is a domain, an element r in R belongs to if and only if there is a finitely generated R-module M, annihilated only by zero, such that . It follows that is an ideal of R (in fact, the integral closure of an ideal is always an ideal; see below.) I is said to be integrally closed if .

The integral closure of an ideal appears in a theorem of Rees that characterizes an analytically unramified ring.

Examples

  • In , is integral over . It satisfies the equation , where is in the ideal.
  • Radical ideals (e.g., prime ideals) are integrally closed. The intersection of integrally closed ideals is integrally closed.
  • In a normal ring, for any non-zerodivisor x and any ideal I, . In particular, in a normal ring, a principal ideal generated by a non-zerodivisor is integrally closed.
  • Let be a polynomial ring over a field k. An ideal I in R is called monomial if it is generated by monomials; i.e., . The integral closure of a monomial ideal is monomial.

Structure results

Let R be a ring. The Rees algebra can be used to compute the integral closure of an ideal. The structure result is the following: the integral closure of in , which is graded, is . In particular, is an ideal and ; i.e., the integral closure of an ideal is integrally closed. It also follows that the integral closure of a homogeneous ideal is homogeneous.

The following type of results is called the Briancon–Skoda theorem: let R be a regular ring and I an ideal generated by l elements. Then for any .

A theorem of Rees states: let (R, m) be a noetherian local ring. Assume it is formally equidimensional (i.e., the completion is equidimensional.). Then two m-primary ideals have the same integral closure if and only if they have the same multiplicity.[1]

Notes

  1. Swanson 2006, Theorem 11.3.1

References

  • Eisenbud, David, Commutative Algebra with a View Toward Algebraic Geometry, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 150, Springer-Verlag, 1995, ISBN 0-387-94268-8.
  • Huneke, Craig; Swanson, Irena (2006), Integral closure of ideals, rings, and modules, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series, 336, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-68860-4, MR 2266432

Further reading

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