International Gay Rodeo Association
The International Gay Rodeo Association (IGRA), founded in 1985,[1] is the sanctioning body for gay rodeos held throughout the United States and Canada. They are the largest group coordinating rodeo events specifically welcoming lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) as well as heterosexual participants and spectators. IGRA is composed of many regional gay rodeo associations, and sanctions a season of rodeo events which culminates in an annual World Gay Rodeo Finals. IGRA events are intended to allow all competitors, regardless of sexual and gender identity, to compete in rodeo sports without discrimination. The organization helps spread appreciation for Western culture and the sport of rodeo, while serving as a fundraising vehicle benefiting many charitable organizations.[2]
 | |
| Sport | Rodeo |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1985 |
| Countries |  United States |
| Most recent champion(s) | |
| Official website | Igra.com |
Competitors compete for prize money and the title of All Around Cowboy and Cowgirl at each rodeo. The winners of each event receive trophy buckles designed by the hosting association. At season's end the contestants with the highest points in each event receive invitations to the World Gay Rodeo Finals presented by IGRA. The event was renamed in 2009 from the previous "International Gay Rodeo Finals" moniker it held from its onset in Hayward, California.
The original intent of these rodeos was fundraising, and while highly competitive and structured rodeos still serve the primary purpose of being fundraisers. The money raised at the rodeo is donated to the designated charities of each association. In total IGRA and all the associated associations have donated to furthering the individual causes of all charities that are benefactors of rodeo funds.
In 2010, the IGRA archives dating from 1975 were deposited in the library collection of the Autry National Center in Griffith Park, Los Angeles, which also houses the Museum of the American West.[3][4]
The documentary film Queens & Cowboys follows the story of out cowboy, Wade Earp and others who compete in the IGRA. Earp discusses how he does not compete in rodeos outside IGRA because, "There's still a lot of homophobia. As progressive as we think the world's gotten, there's so much we have to conquer." [5]
On November 9, 2014, CNN aired an episode of This Is Life with Lisa Ling that covered the Zia Regional Rodeo in Santa Fe, New Mexico, including profiles of several cowboys and cowgirls that are active on the IGRA circuit.[6]
History
The first gay rodeo was held as a charity fundraising event at the Washoe County Fairgrounds in Reno, Nevada on October 2, 1976.[7] The organizer, Phil Ragsdale, a member of the Imperial Court System, was the Court Emperor of Reno. In time, he came to be regarded as the "Father of Gay Rodeo."
Ragsdale came up with the idea of a holding a rodeo to raise money for the local Thanksgiving Day food drive for senior citizens. Over 125 people took part in the first rodeo, and the winners were crowned King of the Cowboys, Queen of the Cowgirls, and Miss Dusty Spurs (drag queen).[7] The National Reno Gay Rodeo title was officially created in 1977, when he founded the Comstock Gay Rodeo Association. Following the Imperial courts lead Ragsdale added the "Mr., Ms., and Miss National Reno Gay Rodeo" titles to aid in the fund raising that was to benefit the Muscular Dystrophy Association. These titles still exist today but have been recognized as Mr., Ms., Miss., and MsTer International Gay Rodeo Association since the IGRA replaced the old National Reno format.
By 1984, the ninth and final National Reno Gay Rodeo brought out over 10,000 people to the rodeo grounds. The demise of the National Reno Rodeos is credited by the IRS as a dispute between the Gay Rodeo and the Washoe County Fairgrounds and the Sands Hotel. The rodeo books were also alleged to have been seized by the IRS.
History has recorded 14 gay rodeos (9 Reno rodeos, 3 Colorado rodeos, 1 Texas rodeo, and 1 California rodeo) prior to the formation of the International Gay Rodeo Association (IGRA). The IGRA became truly international in 1993 when the Alberta Rockies Gay Rodeo Association from Canada joined.
In September 1985 with 10 years of rodeo history behind it, groups of men gathered in Denver, Colorado to formulate the history of Gay Rodeo. The five founding states of the International Gay Rodeo Association were Colorado, Texas, California, and Arizona. These four associations seated the Oklahoma Gay Rodeo Association at its first convention held in the same year. The new Association elected Wayne Jakino from Colorado as its first President.
In 1987, IGRA's first International Finals Rodeo was held in Hayward, California. The name was changed to the World Gay Rodeo Finals in 2009.
Conventions, Presidents, and Royalty
A list of presidents and royalty elected at annual conventions since IGRA was founded in 1985:[8]
| Year / Rodeos Held | Convention | President | Mr. IGRA | Ms. IGRA | Miss IGRA (drag queen) | MsTer IGRA (drag king) | Finals Rodeo | Grand Marshals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | Denver | Wayne Jakino, CGRA | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| 1986 / 5 | Denver | Wayne Jakino | Gary Oliver, CGRA | Jeannie Nelson, CGRA | Fritz Capone (Jim Freeman), OGRA | -- | -- | -- |
| 1987 / 6 | Albuquerque | Les Krambeal, OGRA | Tony Lazano, TGRA | Dee Godwin, OGRA | Misty Michaels (Steve Rogers), KGRA | -- | Hayward, CA | Shanti Project |
| 1988 / 7 | Fort Worth | Les Krambeal | -- | -- | -- | -- | Reno, NV (see note below) | Lynn Copeland & Wayne Jakino |
| 1989 / 7 | Albuquerque | Gerald Ford, TGRA | Jerry Hubbard, GSGRA | Connie Clovis, KGRA | Magnolia Spirits (Buddy Sojourner), CGRA | -- | Phoenix, AZ | Ed Buck |
| 1990 / 7 | Wichita | Linn Copeland, KGRA | Larry Brumley, OGRA | Laura O'Neill, CGRA | Moosala (Mark Church), AGRA | -- | Phoenix, AZ | Katie Southwick |
| 1991 / 10 | Albuquerque | Bob Pimentel, NMGRA | Scott Burleson, MGRA | Linda Sullo, GSGRA | Hollie Woods (David Anaya), AGRA | -- | Wichita, KS | The Names Project |
| 1992 / 13 | St. Paul | Bob Pimentel | Jim Carter, OGRA | RC Cuellar, CGRA | Roxie Heart (John Kingston), KGRA | -- | Phoenix, AZ | Wayne Jakino |
| 1993 / 16 | Billings | Roger Bergmann, GSGRA | Ron Neff, CGRA | Dee Zuspann, KGRA | Chili Pepper (Tony Valdez), TGRA | -- | Fort Worth, TX | Gerald Ford |
| 1994 / 21 | Little Rock | Roger Bergmann | J.R. Duran, NMGRA | Joanne Bawiec, ASGRA | Miss Tessie (Tim Smith), SEGRA | -- | Denver, CO | Greg Olson |
| 1995 / 22 | Chicago | Roger Bergmann | Mark Burdine, NMGRA | Desiree Gronwald, CGRA | DeShannon (Mitch Gill), TGRA | -- | Denver, CO | Roger Bergmann |
| 1996 / 20 | Omaha | Tom Vance, NSGRA | Michael Vrooman, CGRA | Shugar Vigil, NMGRA | Naomi La'Rell (Quentin Sims), CGRA | -- | Albuquerque, NM | Connie Lee |
| 1997 / 18 | Salt Lake City | Tom Vance | Tommy Channel, CGRA | Sherry Reedy, AGRA | Tori Hart (Rohn Roldan), CGRA | -- | Phoenix, AZ | Tom Vance |
| 1998 / 20 | Baltimore | Linda Frazier, KGRA | Kurt McGregor, AGRA | Tamara Marks, MIGRA | Beverly DeMarco (Anthony D.), NMGRA | -- | Phoenix, AZ | Glenn Gore |
| 1999 / 19 | Long Beach | Linda Frazier | Douglas Graff, GSGRA | Laura Scott, NGRA | DeShannon (Mitch Gill), NGRA | -- | Little Rock, AR | Ron Trusley |
| 2000 / 17 | Las Vegas | Craig Allen Rouse, GSGRA | Daniel Lusk, ASGRA | Lonni LaBel, ASGRA | Harley Quinn (Michael Vrooman), ILGRA | -- | Albuquerque, NM | Thom Sloan |
| 2001 / 17 | Long Beach | Craig Allen Rouse | Michael Cunningham, ILGRA | Erin Leavey, SEGRA | Victoria London (Scott Tickler), AGRA | -- | Palm Springs, CA | Jose Sarria, aka "The Widow Norton" |
| 2002 / 19 | Cleveland | Craig Allen Rouse | Mark Larson, NSGRA | Lize MacDonald, NGRA | Bianca St John (Kenny Cunitz), CGRA | -- | Wichita, KS | Fritz Capone |
| 2003 / 19 | Phoenix | Craig Allen Rouse | David Westman, CGRA | Mary Munger, CGRA | Jada McRae (Jay Carlson), ILGRA | -- | Tulsa, OK | Patrick Terry |
| 2004 / 20 | Denver | Craig Allen Rouse | Eric Hanson, GSGRA | Julie Brown, DSRA | Mandy Barbarell (Andrew Goodman), MGRA | -- | Omaha, NE | Tamara Marks |
| 2005 / 20 | Calgary | Brian Helander, AGRA | Ken Pool, CGRA | Gaylia Young, AGRA | Pussy LeHoot (Kevin McSweeny), AGRA | -- | Dallas, TX | James Ramey |
| 2006 / 20 | Nashville | Brian Helander | Steve Wollert, GSGRA | Kimberley Kay, CGRA | Jymmye Jaymes (James Young), ASGRA | -- | Reno, NV | Keith Ann, Mitch Gill |
| 2007 / 18 | Kansas City | Brian Helander | Clyde Mitter, CGRA | -- | Destiny B. Childs (Ric Legg), ASGRA | -- | Denver, CO | Wayne Jakino |
| 2008 / 20 | New Orleans | Brian Helander | Gary Rushton, AGRA | -- | Janet Jenkins, CGRA | -- | Denver, CO | John King |
| 2009 / 16 | Toronto | Brian Helander | Wade Earp, TGRA | Sharon Starks, AGRA | Aspen Vail, (Steve Sublett) CGRA | Rocket Coxx, (Jamie Light) CGRA | Albuquerque, NM | Lorrie Murphy |
| 2010 / 17 | Reno | Brian Helander | Roger Courtemanche, CGRA | -- | Ionna Doublewide, AGRA | -- | Laughlin, NV |
Lorry King |
| 2011 / 15 | San Diego | Doug Graff, NGRA | Michael Butts, AGRA | Sharon Starks, AGRA | Kimberli Foxx, NGRA | -- | Fort Worth, TX | David Hill |
| 2012 / 15 | Las Vegas | Doug Graff, NGRA | Rodd Smunk, TGRA | Kami Boles, MGRA | Victoria Weston, TGRA | Shane Lee, MGRA | Fort Worth, TX | Frank Harrell/Ty Teigen |
| 2013 / 14 | San Diego | Ed Barry, ILGRA | Frank Thompson, OGRA | -- | Sabel D'Zyre, NGRA | -- | Fort Worth, TX | Mitch Gill |
| 2014 / 13 | Denver | Ed Barry, ILGRA | Jeff Germany, OGRA | Pauline Chavez, CGRA | Katrina Davenport, NGRA | Rocki Heffa, TGRA | Fort Worth, TX | Janie Van Santen |
| 2015 / 11 | St Petersburg | Bruce Gros | Andrew Johnson, CGRA | -- | Luxx Bentley, OGRA | Preston, NGRA | Las Vegas, NV | Brian Rogers |
| 2016 / 10 | Austin | Bruce Gros | Thomas McCarthy, FGRA | Mary Honeycutt, TGRA | Madison Devereux, TGRA | Macc Country, OGRA | Las Vegas, NV | Ed Berry |
| 2017 / 11 | Little Rock | Bruce Gros | Mark Christensen, OGRA | Allyson Paige Henery, GPRA | Kelly ONeil, TGRA | - - | Albuquerque, NM | TBD |
| 2018 / TBA | Salt Lake City | Candy Pratt | Tre' Brewbaker, NMGRA
1st RU- Chris Tobin CGRA 2nd RU- Tony Schwartz NSGRA |
Tamra Kelly, TGRA,
1st RU Christi Mikels |
Mipsy Mikels, AGRA
1st RU- Marie Antoinette DuBarryNMGRA 2nd RU- Phat Patty NGRA |
RJ Mikels, AGRA | Scottsdale, AZ | TBA |
- Note: In 1988, "A contract with a private ranch sixty miles east of Reno was made void when the local homophobic District Attorney filed an injunction two days before the rodeo in order to stop the event. Two days in court as well as a trip to the Nevada Supreme Court failed to overturn the injunction," according to the IGRA website. As a result, no finals were held that year.[7]
Royalty Team
Like all traditional rodeos, IGRA rodeos also sponsor an annual royalty competition to determine the twelve individuals who will comprise the IGRA Royalty Team. Each fall the various associations send either their state winners or their first runners-up to compete for the Mr. (male that presents as male), Ms. (female that presents as female), Miss (male that presents as female), and MsTer (female that presents as male) International Gay Rodeo Association sashes.
A change to royalty competition rules in 2015 requires a contestant to compete in four of five categories. The five areas of competition are:
- Personal Interview - Mandatory
- Western wear modeling - Mandatory
- Public Presentation and On-Stage Question - Mandatory
- Horsemanship Skill - Required if not competing in Entertainment
- Public Entertainment - Required if not competing in Horsemanship
Criticism
Animal rights organizations such as Mercy for Animals,[9] Showing Animals Respect & Kindness (SHARK),[10] People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PeTA)[11] and LGBT Compassion[12] criticize Gay Rodeo for being cruel to animals. In response to increased publicity given to critics of Gay Rodeo, IGRA published a press release stating that their animals are well-treated and handled in accordance with established ethical guidelines.[13]
State and Regional rodeo associations
Current associations
Rodeos under the IGRA umbrella are organized into four divisions (see map here [14]) and more than two dozen regional associations:
- includes the state of Arizona except for the southeastern counties covered by SGRA (see below)
- includes Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan
- ASGRA - Atlantic States Gay Rodeo Association, Alexandria, Virginia, founded 1991[17]
- includes Washington DC, Maryland, Virginia, Delaware, New Jersey and metropolitan New York City
- CGRA - Colorado Gay Rodeo Association, Denver, founded 1981[18]
- CSGRA - Cotton States Gay Rodeo Association, Birmingham, founded 2012[19]
- DSRA - Diamond State Rodeo Association, Little Rock, Arkansas[20]
- FGRA - Florida Georgia Rodeo Association (Formerly Florida Gay Rodeo Association), St. Petersburg[21]
- includes Florida and Georgia
- GSGRA - Golden State Gay Rodeo Association, Long Beach, California, founded 1984[22]
- Bay Area Chapter, San Francisco[23]
- Greater Palm Springs Chapter, founded 2000[24]
- Greater San Diego Chapter[25]
- the Sacramento area of California is covered by SCCGRA (see below)
- ILGRA - Illinois Gay Rodeo Association, Chicago[26]
- KSGRA - Keystone State Gay Rodeo Association, Harrisburg, founded 2015[27]
- LSGRA - Louisiana State Gay Rodeo Association, Bossier City, Pennsylvania[28]
- MIGRA - Michigan International Gay Rodeo Association, Dearborn, founded 1994[29]
- MGRA - Missouri Gay Rodeo Association, Kansas City, Missouri, founded 1986[30]
- includes the state of Missouri other than those counties covered by GWGRA (see above)
- NGRA - Nevada Gay Rodeo Association, Las Vegas, founded 1992[31]
- NMGRA - New Mexico Gay Rodeo Association, Albuquerque, New Mexico, founded 1984[32]
- NSGRA - North Star Gay Rodeo Association, St. Paul, founded 1989[33]
- includes Minnesota and Wisconsin
- OGRA - Great Plains Rodeo Association (formerly Oklahoma Gay Rodeo Association), Oklahoma City, founded 1985[34]
- RRRA - Red River Rodeo Association, Aubrey, Texas, founded 2003[35]
- includes several counties north of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex
- SCCGRA - Sacramento's Capital Crossroads Gay Rodeo Association, Sacramento, California[36]
- includes the Sacramento area of California
- includes southeastern Arizona counties of Pima, Santa Cruz, Cochise, Graham, and Greenlee
Defunct associations
The following rodeo associations were once affiliated with IGRA but became inactive, and dissolved or reorganized:[44][45]
- Pacific Coast Gay Rodeo Association (California), loosely organized in 1980; replaced by Golden State Gay Rodeo Association in 1984
- Cowboy State Rodeo Association (Wyoming), founded 1988, name changed the following year to Big Sky Gay Rodeo Association (Montana); dissolved 1998
- Oregon Gay Rodeo Association, seated at 1988 IGRA convention; replaced by Northwest Gay Rodeo Association in 1990
- Utah Gay Rodeo Association, seated at 1989 IGRA convention; dissolved 2006
- Northwest Gay Rodeo Association (Washington, Oregon, and Idaho), seated at 1990 IGRA convention; reorganized as Pacific Northwest Gay Rodeo Association
- Tri-State Gay Rodeo Association (Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky), founded 1990, dissolved 1995
- Silver State Gay Rodeo Association (Nevada); reorganized as Nevada Gay Rodeo Association, 1992
- Pennsylvania Gay Rodeo Association seated at 1995 IGRA convention; name and coverage changed to PONY (Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York Gay Rodeo Association) in 1999; dissolved 2007
Competitions
Rules
Most associations host at least one annual rodeo. All associations must follow the rules of conduct as outlined in the IGRA Rodeo Rule Book, the first edition of which was published in 1985.[46] These rules are often updated and ratified at season's end when delegates from each association gather at the IGRA annual convention. The purpose of the convention is to elect new officers, create new rules and bylaws, and seat new associations.
Each of the thirteen events has a set of rules that must be followed in order for contestants to score points and to qualify for the year end finals. Unlike in traditional rodeos, contestants are allowed to compete in all events regardless of sex. Buckles are awarded to the top male and female competitors in each event, as well as buckles for Rookie of the Year and for All-Around Cowboy and All-Around Cowgirl.
Rough Stock Events
- Bull riding
- Steer riding
- Chute Dogging or Steer wrestling
- Bareback bronc riding (this is an optional event)
Roping Events
- Calf roping on Foot
- Mounted Breakaway roping
- Team roping
Speed Events
Camp Events
- Wild Drag Race
- Goat Dressing
- Steer Decorating
References
- Pimentel, Bob. "The History of Gay Rodeo," Out in All Directions: The Almanac of Gay and Lesbian America, Warner Books, 1995. ISBN 0-446-51822-0
- "About Us," International Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 3 July 2011 Archived March 29, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- "Autry Libraries awarded NHPRC grant". Libraries.theautry.org. 2010-07-02. Archived from the original on 2013-05-17. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- Hinton, Gregory. "Better Two than One: The Shirts from Brokeback Mountain," pp. 118-122 in The Brokeback Book: From Story to Cultural Phenomenon, ed. William R. Handley: Bison Books, University of Nebraska Press, 2011 ISBN 978-0-8032-2664-7
- http://www.lstylegstyle.com/stories/home-range/
- http://www.part2pictures.com/news/a-closer-look-gay-rodeo
- "Gay Rodeo History," International Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 3 July 2011. Archived August 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- "Past Officers and Royalty," International Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived March 26, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- "Mercy for Animals". Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- "Cruel Celebrities". Showing Animals Respect & Kindness. Showing Animals Respect & Kindness. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- "Animal rights group says "whoa" to plans for gay rodeo event". Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- "Gay Rodeo - Don't Bully Animals!". Andrew Zollman. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- "Animal Welfare". web.archive.org. Archived from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- Archived March 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- Arizona Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 3 July 2011 Archived July 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- "Alberta Rockies Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 3 July 2011". Argra.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Atlantic States Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 3 July 2011". Asgra.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Colorado Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011". Cgra.us. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Cotton States Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 23 November 2015". csgra.org. Retrieved 2015-11-23.
- "Diamond State Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011". Dsra.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- Florida Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011 Archived September 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
- "Golden State Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011". Gsgra.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Bay Area Chapter, Golden State Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011". Bayarearodeo.com. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Greater Palm Springs Chapter, Golden State Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011". Palmspringsrodeo.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Greater San Diego Chapter, Golden State Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011". Sandiegorodeo.org. 2011-11-09. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Illinois Gay Rodeo Association". Ilgra.com. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Keystone State Gay Rodeo Association". Ksgra.org. Retrieved 2015-11-23.
- "Louisiana State Gay Rodeo Association". Lsgra.org. Retrieved 2015-11-23.
- "Michigan International Gay Rodeo Association". Michiganrodeo.org. 1994-04-12. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Missouri Gay Rodeo Association". Mgra.us. 2014-06-13. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- Nevada Gay Rodeo Association, accessed 6 July 2011 Archived April 14, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- "New Mexico Gay Rodeo Association". Nmgra.com. 2014-01-23. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "North Star Gay Rodeo Association". Nsgra.com. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Oklahoma Gay Rodeo Association". Ogra.net. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Red River Rodeo Association". Redriverrodeoassn.com. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "Sacramento's Capital Crossroads Gay Rodeo Association". Capitalcrossroads.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- Sonoran Rodeo Association, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived 3 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- "Texas Gay Rodeo Association". Tgra.org. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- Austin Chapter, TGRA, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived September 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- Dallas Chapter, TGRA, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived 4 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- Fort Worth Chapter, TGRA, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived June 5, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- Houston Chapter, TGRA, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived September 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- San Antonio Chapter, TGRA, accessed 7 July 2011 Archived July 29, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- "Historical Overview," High Sierra Rodeo Association, accessed 4 July 2011 Archived February 13, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- "Time Line of Interesting Gay Rodeo Facts". International Gay Rodeo Association. Archived from the original on 2012-04-17. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
- "IGRA Rodeo Rule Book, 1985". International Gay Rodeo Association. Archived from the original on 2014-07-27. Retrieved 2014-06-29.
External links
Articles and interviews:
- Paynter, Ben. "So You Wanna Be a Cowboy?" The Pitch (Kansas City), 20 October 2005 at Archive.today (archived 2013-02-01) lengthy interview with participants at an IGRA rodeo in Missouri
- "Out on the Range," The Guardian, 25 November 2005 interviews with participants at an IGRA rodeo in Mesquite, Texas
- Ayers, Chris. "Homosexual on the range: rodeo where gay cowboys can ride high," The Sunday Times, 14 January 2006
- Greenfield, Beth. "Gay Rodeos; Tightly Knit and Western-Loving," The New York Times, 24 February 2006
- "Out of the chute and in the pit," Gay and Lesbian Times, 10 September 2009 interview with gay rodeo officials in San Diego