Interstate 75

Interstate 75 (I-75) is a major north–south Interstate Highway in the Great Lakes and Southeastern regions of the United States. As with most Interstates that end in a five, it is a major cross-country, north–south route, one of the longest in the U.S., from southern Florida to the northeastern point of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. It travels from State Road 826 (SR 826, Palmetto Expressway) and SR 924 (Gratigny Parkway) on the HialeahMiami Lakes border (northwest of Miami, Florida) to Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, at the Canadian border.

Interstate 75
I-75 highlighted in red
Route information
Length1,786.47 mi[1] (2,875.04 km)
Existed1957–present
Major junctions
South end SR 826 / SR 924 in Miami Lakes, FL
 
North endCanadian border on Int'l Bridge in Sault Ste. Marie, MI
Location
StatesFlorida, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Michigan
Highway system

I-75 passes through six different states. The highway runs the length of the Florida peninsula from the Miami area and up the Gulf Coast through Tampa. Farther north, in Georgia I-75 continues on through Macon and Atlanta before running through Chattanooga and Knoxville and the Cumberland Mountains in Tennessee. I-75 crosses Kentucky, passing through Lexington before crossing the Ohio River into Cincinnati, Ohio. In Ohio, the highway runs up the western side through Dayton and Lima before crossing into Michigan north of Toledo. I-75 runs northeasterly along the Lake Erie shoreline and Detroit River into the city of Detroit before turning northwesterly and northward to the Mackinac Bridge where the freeway crosses the strait between Lakes Huron and Michigan. Farther north, I-75 approaches the Canadian border at Sault Sainte Marie, downriver from Lake Superior, 1,786.5 miles (2,875.1 km) from its origins near the subtropical Atlantic Ocean.

Route description

Lengths
 mi[1]km
FL470.88757.81
GA355.11571.49
TN161.86260.49
KY191.78308.64
OH211.30340.05
MI395.54636.56
Total1786.472875.04
Southern terminus of I-75 at the interchange with SR 826, locally known as the Palmetto Expressway
Interstate 75 co-signed with I-85 in downtown Atlanta
I-75 as it crosses the Chattahoochee River in Atlanta
Scenic view along Interstate 75 near Cleveland, Tennessee
I-75 north at exit 49 in McMinn County, Tennessee, in 2009
I-75 north of Lexington
Aerial view of I-75 and Dayton, OH
Mackinac Bridge in Michigan
Soo Locks and Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge, linking the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to Ontario

Florida

I-75 starts at an interchange with SR 924 and SR 826 on the HialeahMiami Lakes border in suburban Miami. After an intersection with the Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike and an interchange with I-595 and the Sawgrass Expressway, the Interstate leaves the Miami metropolitan area and turns westward to travel through the Everglades along the tolled Alligator Alley, which brings the highway to the Gulf Coast and Naples, where it again heads north. Passing through Bonita Springs, Fort Myers, and Sarasota, I-75 is six lanes all the way to Georgia. The freeway enters the Tampa Bay metropolitan area before the interchange with I-275 northbound, which handles St. Petersburg-bound traffic. Within the Tampa metro are three more major junctions: One with the Lee Roy Selmon Expressway which carries traffic into downtown Tampa; one with I-4 (a turbine interchange) which carries traffic across the center of the state to the East Coast; and another as I-275 traffic defaults back onto northbound. The freeway proceeds to enter suburban portions of Pasco, Hernando, and Sumter counties on its way to Ocala and Gainesville. At Lake City, Florida, the Christopher Columbus Transcontinental Highway, I-10, intersects with I-75. Afterward, the northmost stretch of I-75 in Florida exits the Sunshine State into southern Georgia.

Georgia

I-75 (unsigned State Route 401 within Georgia) enters Georgia near Lake Park, and it continues northward through the towns of Valdosta, Tifton and Cordele until it reaches the Macon area, where it intersects with I-16 eastbound towards I-75's route. After Macon it passes the small town of Forsyth. The freeway reaches no major junctions again until in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The first metropolitan freeway met is I-675, then followed by the Atlanta "Perimeter" bypass, I-285. It crosses inside the Perimeter and heads north several miles towards the Atlanta city center. Interstate 75 then runs concurrently with I-85 due north over the Downtown Connector through the central business district of Atlanta. The areas where I-85 and I-75 run concurrently are some of the most traffic-prone streets in the nation. After the two Interstates split, I-75 makes a beeline northwest, crossing outside the I-285 perimeter and heading towards the major suburban city of Marietta. This section of I-75 just north of I-285 has 15 through lanes. North of Marietta, the final major junction in the Atlanta metropolitan area is the I-575 spur. I-75 then traverses the hilly northwestern Georgia terrain as it travels towards Chattanooga, Tennessee. All of Interstate 75 in Georgia is at least 3 lanes in each direction, except for a short segment in Macon.

Tennessee

The freeway enters Tennessee directly in the Chattanooga metropolitan area, where it intersects with I-24. Exiting Chattanooga to the northeast, I-75 passes through an area known for dense fog. Twelve people were killed and 42 were injured in a 99-vehicle accident on that stretch of I-75 in heavy fog on December 11, 1990.[2] I-75 does not meet any other freeways until it overlaps I-40 near Farragut and heads eastbound. Together, they enter the outskirts of Knoxville, where I-75 overlaps itself with a different road, this time I-640, but only for a short time. When the two meet I-275, I-75 encounters some of its highest points of elevation through the Cumberland Mountains and Cumberland Plateau region, cutting through the uppermost peaks and ridges of the mountains.

Kentucky

I-75 continues northbound through the hilly, rugged terrain of the Cumberland Plateau region of Kentucky passing through London and Richmond, eventually reaching Lexington, where it briefly runs concurrently with I-64 before splitting off in the direction of Georgetown. Afterwards, the route heads in the direction of Ohio. Near Walton, I-71 merges with I-75, making for yet another overlapped portion of freeway. The two routes head in the direction of Cincinnati, Ohio. I-275, which is the beltway around Cincinnati, is then intersected by I-71/I-75. After passing through Covington, the freeway crosses the Ohio River via the lower level of the Brent Spence Bridge (while the southbound direction uses the upper level) and continues into downtown Cincinnati.

Ohio

Immediately after entering Cincinnati, I-71 separates from I-75, taking a more east and northeasterly routing through the city, while I-75 remains generally northbound throughout the metropolitan area. I-74 westbound, Ohio State Route 562 (SR 562) eastbound, and SR 126 all intersect the freeway as it makes its way northward. In Arlington Heights, a Cincinnati suburb, I-75 sees a carriageway split for a few miles. After another interchange with the I-275 beltway, the freeway continues in the metropolitan area, passes through Middletown and heads toward Dayton, where I-675, I-70, and U.S. Route 35 (US 35), have interchanges. The intersection of I-75 with I-70 is known as the Freedom Veterans Crossroads.[3] After exiting the city of Dayton, I-75 makes its way northbound through Ohio, passing through the smaller cities of Troy, Wapakoneta, Lima, Findlay and Bowling Green before finally reaching Toledo, and its suburbs located on the Michigan border on the western shore of Lake Erie. I-75 meets I-475 south of the city in the suburb of Perrysburg and then the cross-country highways of I-80/I-90/Ohio Turnpike. The freeway passes through downtown. I-475 then meets with I-75 again just north of downtown. The Interstate then continues through an industrial part of the city, as it progresses north before approaching I-280, which is the last major junction in Ohio. I-75 then passes by the Lake Erie neighborhoods of Shoreland and Point Place, just before crossing into Michigan.

Michigan

Upon entering Michigan, I-75 follows the northwestern shore of Lake Erie passing through Toledo's bedroom lake shore communities of Erie and Luna Pier, until about Monroe, when it heads northeastward to enter Detroit and its surrounding suburbs. The freeway intersects another I-275 in the Detroit metropolitan area, and no other major junctions are present until downtown. Once near downtown, I-75 meets the Ambassador Bridge to Windsor, Ontario, I-375 (Chrysler Freeway), I-94 (Edsel Ford Freeway), I-96 (Jeffries Freeway), M-10 (Lodge Freeway) and M-8 (Davison Freeway). I-696 (Reuther Freeway) also intersects I-75 in the northern metro area. When the freeway reaches Pontiac, there is a junction with M-59, and further north in Flint, the Interstate meets I-475 and I-69, and overlaps US 23. The freeway then heads north towards Saginaw, where I-675 acts as a spur route into the city. Further north in Bay City, US 10 provides access to Midland as well as downtown Bay City. When the freeway nears Standish, US 23 branches off I-75 to Lake Huron, where it heads north. The last major interchange occurs at 4 Mile Road just south of Grayling where US 127 northbound ends with traffic merging onto northbound I-75 and the southbound starts taking drivers southward through the center of the state. At Mackinaw City, I-75 intersects the northern ends of US 31 and US 23 before crossing the Mackinac Bridge to reach the Upper Peninsula (UP). I-75 is the only Interstate located in the UP, and it continues until the Canadian border in Sault Ste. Marie, at the International Bridge.

History

This limited access highway that was planned in the 1950s roughly follows the general route of many older at-grade highways, including US 2, US 27, US 25, and US 41, among others. Some of these older US Highways (several of which are still in existence) previously had replaced the eastern route of the old Dixie Highway.

I-75 was planned to end in Tampa, Florida, in the original plan for 41,000 miles (66,000 km) of Interstate Highways. However, beginning in the 1960s, there was a huge growth in the population of Southwest Florida (Sarasota, Fort Myers, Naples, Cape Coral, etc.), hence the need for new highways, especially a north–south freeway, as well as one connecting Florida's Gulf Coast to South Florida.[4] At first, Florida state legislators proposed a toll in the new highway, and by 1968, it was decided that the federal government would pay 90% towards the extension of I-75 to southwestern and southeastern Florida.[5] This included subsuming a toll highway from Naples to the Fort Lauderdale area, the Alligator Alley, and furthermore to connect this expressway with I-95 in North Miami—though due to some local opposition, I-75 presently ends a few miles short of I-95.

I-75 was completed in Kentucky in 1970. The last segment in Michigan opened to traffic on November 1, 1973.[6] The last section of I-75 in Tennessee was completed on December 20, 1974.[7] On December 21, 1977, I-75 was completed from Tampa to Sault Ste. Marie with its final segment opening between northern Marietta, Georgia, and Cartersville, Georgia. The final stretch of I-75 in South Florida was completed in 1986 in Miami-Dade County and Broward County, and the last stretch to receive the signs for I-75 was the reconstructed (rebuilt and widened) Alligator Alley on November 25, 1992.[8]

Junction list

Florida
SR 826 / SR 924 on the HialeahMiami Lakes city line
I-595 on the DavieSunrise-Weston tripoint
US 27 in Weston
US 17 on the SolanaCleveland CDP line
US 301 in Ellenton
I-275 east-northeast of Terra Ceia
US 301 in Palm River-Clair Mel
I-4 in Mango
I-275 on the LutzWesley Chapel CDP line
US 98 west-northwest of Ridge Manor
Florida's Turnpike southeast of Ocala
US 27 in Ocala
US 441 in Alachua
US 41 / US 441 in Ellisville
US 90 in Lake City
I-10 west-northwest of Five Points
US 129 north-northeast of Suwannee Springs
Georgia
US 84 / US 221 in Valdosta
US 41 northwest of Valdosta. The highways travel concurrently to Hahira.
US 82 in Tifton
US 41 in Tifton
US 280 in Cordele
US 41 in Unadilla
US 41 in Perry
US 341 in Perry
I-475 southwest of Macon
US 41 in Macon
US 80 in Macon
I-16 in Macon
US 23 northwest of Macon
I-475 northwest of Bolingbroke
I-675 in Stockbridge
US 19 / US 41 west of Morrow
I-285 in Forest Park
US 19 / US 41 on the AtlantaHapeville city line
I-85 in Atlanta. The highways travel concurrently through Atlanta.
I-20 in Atlanta
US 29 / US 78 / US 278 in Atlanta
I-85 in Atlanta. End of the concurrency with I-85.
US 41 in Atlanta
US 41 in Atlanta
I-285 in Cumberland
I-575 north-northwest of Marietta
US 411 in Cartersville
US 41 in Resaca
US 41 / US 76 in Dalton
US 41 / US 76 southeast of Ringgold
Tennessee
US 41 / US 76 in East Ridge
I-24 on the East Ridge–Chattanooga city line
US 11 / US 64 in Chattanooga. The highways travel concurrently to north of Collegedale.
US 74 in Cleveland
US 321 in Lenoir City
I-40 west of Farragut. The highways travel concurrently to Knoxville.
I-140 in Knoxville
US 11 / US 70 in Knoxville
I-40 / I-640 in Knoxville. I-75/I-640 travels concurrently through Knoxville.
US 25W in Knoxville. The highways travel concurrently through Knoxville.
I-275 / I-640 / US 25W in Knoxville
US 441 in Rocky Top
US 25W in Rocky Top. The highways travel concurrently to Caryville.
US 25W in Jellico
Kentucky
US 25W in Goldbug
US 25W in Corbin
US 25 east-southeast of Mount Vernon
US 25 in Mount Vernon
US 25 in Richmond
US 25 / US 421 south-southeast of Lexington. The highways travel concurrently to Lexington.
US 60 in Lexington
I-64 in Lexington. The highways travel concurrently through Lexington.
US 27 / US 68 in Lexington
US 460 in Georgetown
US 62 in Georgetown
I-71 in Walton. The highways travel concurrently to Cincinnati, Ohio.
US 42 / US 127 in Florence
I-275 in Erlanger
US 25 / US 42 / US 127 in Fort Mitchell
US 25 / US 42 / US 127 in Covington
Ohio
US 22 / US 27 / US 42 / US 52 / US 127 in Cincinnati
US 50 in Cincinnati
US 27 / US 52 / US 127 in Cincinnati. I-75/US 27/US 52 travel concurrently through Cincinnati.
I-74 / US 27 / US 52 / US 127 in Cincinnati
I-275 in Sharonville
I-675 southeast of Miamisburg
US 35 in Dayton
I-70 in Vandalia
US 40 in Vandalia
US 36 in Piqua
US 33 in Wapakoneta
US 68 in Findlay
US 224 in Findlay
US 6 in Bowling Green
I-475 / US 23 in Perrysburg. I-75/US 23 travels concurrently through Perrysburg.
US 20 / US 23 in Perrysburg
I-80 / I-90 in Rossford
US 24 in Toledo
I-475 in Toledo
I-280 in Toledo
Michigan
I-275 north-northeast of Monroe
US 24 in Taylor
I-96 in Detroit
I-375 in Detroit
I-94 in Detroit
I-696 on the FerndaleHazel ParkRoyal OakMadison Heights city line
US 24 west-northwest of Clarkston
I-475 west of Grand Blanc
US 23 south-southwest of Flint. The highways travel concurrently to southwest of Standish.
I-69 in Flint
I-475 west of Beecher
I-675 east of Saginaw
I-675 north-northwest of Zilwaukee
US 10 west of Bay City
US 127 south of Grayling
US 31 north-northeast of Carp Lake
US 23 in Mackinaw City
US 2 in St. Ignace
Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge at the Canada–United States border in Sault Ste. Marie

Auxiliary routes

References

  1. DeSimone, Tony (October 31, 2002). "Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002". Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  2. Staff (October 28, 1992). "Safety Recommendation in reply to H-92-92" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved December 28, 2008.
  3. Keeter, Brian (October 25, 2004). "Nation's Top Highway Official Dedicates Key Dayton, Ohio, Interstate Interchange to State's Military Personnel" (Press release). Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
  4. "West Coast Turnpike Study Ordered By Kirk". St. Petersburg Times. April 20, 1967. p. 1B.
  5. "I-75 Extension Should Kill Toll Road - Cramer". Daytona Beach Morning Journal. August 16, 1968. p. 16.
  6. "Around the State: West Branch". Traverse City Record-Eagle. United Press International. November 2, 1973. p. 3. OCLC 30098364. Retrieved July 10, 2018 via Newspapers.com.
  7. "Dunn Opens 96 Interstate Miles". The Tennessean. Nashville. December 21, 1974. p. 32. Retrieved April 18, 2018 via Newspapers.com.
  8. Staff. "Previous Interstate Facts of the Day". Celebrating the Eisenhower Interstate Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved May 11, 2010.

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