Irene Collins

Irene Fozzard was born as the second of identical twins of Fred Fozzard and Louisa Ratcliffe in Queensbury, Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire, on 16 September 1925. Her father was a joiner from Leeds, and her mother left school at 12 to work as a burler and mender at the Black Dyke Mill in Queensbury. Irene's twin sister, Jean, died at the age of five.[2]

Collins gained a scholarship to Brighouse Girls' Secondary School. She also gained a major county scholarship to St Hilda's College, Oxford, to read modern history at the age of 17.[2][3]

Graduating with a first-class degree in 1946, the 22-year-old Collins was appointed as an assistant lecturer at the University of Liverpool the following year as the department's only female staff member.[2][3] While teaching Liverpool, Collins gave lectures on 18th and 19th-century European and British history.[3] Although she found the work isolating at times (for the first two years she rarely saw her colleagues because the arts faculty's male and female staff had separate common rooms, and female staff were not permitted to lunch with their male counterparts at the university club),[3] Collins stayed at Liverpool for the next 40 years, became the first female Dean.[2] She took early retirement as Dean and Reader to save the jobs of her younger colleagues.[4]

Her principal subject of research was originally Napoleon;[2] however, after retiring from Liverpool, her two kooks on Jane Austen: Jane Austen and the Clergy (1994) and Jane Austen: The Parson's Daughter (1998). The first placed Austen's novels in the framework of the church of the day. The second demonstrated the influence of her clerical upbringing.[2] These were widely read, partly as a result of the 1995 BBC series Pride and Prejudice, and turned her into a practical celebrity among Austenites across the world.[3] Collins became patron of the northern branch of the Jane Austen Society, served as vice-president of the UK Jane Austen Society, and was a keen member of the Jane Austen Society of North America.[3]

She supported the Historical Association's aim of bringing history to a popular, non-academic audience. Collins wrote pamphlets for the association, and gave lectures to local branches. She became the first female president of the association in 1982 and was awarded is highest distinction, the Medlicott Medal, in 1996.[2] She became a Jubilee Fellow of the Association in 2014.[4]

In 2002, King Alfred's College, Winchester conferred on her the title of Honorary Fellow.[4]

While studying at the University of Oxford, Irene met Rex Collins, the son of a Primitive Methodist minister and secretary of a Methodist group attended by Margaret Roberts (later Thatcher).[2] Rex Collins was at Brasenose College on a naval scholarship. They married in 1951 and remained so for 64 years. They had one daughter, Jo, born in 1961, and one grandson, Ben.[2]

Although a Methodist while studying at Oxford, Collins was an Anglican (Church of England) for the rest of her life.[2] She wrote a history of her local church, St. John the Divine, Brooklands, A Disgruntled Guide for the Reluctant Visitor, in response to a national competition for church-guidebook writers.[3] This won a special prize presented by Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury, at Lambeth in 1983.[2]

In 2000, Collins was diagnosed with macular degeneration. Despite progressive loss of her eyesight, she continued to write and lecture until a year before her death in 12 July 2015.[2]

• The Government and the Newspaper Press in France, 1814–1881 (1959)
• The Age of Progress: A Survey of European History Between 1789 and 1870 (1964)
• Government and Society in France 1814–48 (1970)
• Napoleon and his Parliaments 1800–1815 (1979)