Iris winogradowii

Iris winogradowii is a species in the genus Iris, classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial, from the Caucasus mountains of Azerbaijan and Georgia.

Iris winogradowii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Hermodactyloides
Section: Iris sect. Reticulatae
Species:
I. winogradowii
Binomial name
Iris winogradowii
Synonyms[1]

Iridodictyum winogradowii (Fomin) Rodion.

Description

It has pale primrose yellow flowers,[2] with green spots on the falls,[3] the scented flowers are up 5 cm tall and emerge between April and May.[4] With stem and flower the plant reaches a height of 10–15 cm.[3] The leaves emerge after flowering and grow up to 30–40 cm.[4] It has between 2-4 leaves each growing season.[5]

Taxonomy

It is sometimes known from the common name of Wingradoff's iris.[2]

It was named after P.Z. Winogradow-Nitikin who first described it.[4]

It was first found in 1914 and then published and described by Aleksandr Vasiljevich Fomin in 'Schedule Herb Flora Caucasus'. Vol.4 on page 88 in 1914.[6][7]

An illustration was seen in 1961 in the 'Collins Guide to Bulbs'.[8] It was grown in Australia from seed provided by the Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Petersburg in 1972.[9]

It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003, then updated on 1 December 2004.[7]

Iris winogradowii is an accepted name by the RHS.[10] The iris later gained the RHS's Award of Garden Merit.[11]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to temperate Asia.[7]

Range

It is found in Azerbaijan and Georgia.[7]

In 1972, Dr Rodionenko noted that several hundred iris plants were on Mount Lomtismta near Bakuriani, (in Georgia).[12]

Habitat

In 1914, it was originally found in the gravelly soils of the alpine meadows of Mount Lomtismta. Part of the Caucasus regions of Adzharo-Imeretinskiy Range.[13]

Conservation

The plant is now on the 'endangered' list. Now only found in the republics of Georgia and Abkhazia.[9][14] Only a couple of hundred plants existed in 1978.[5] In the Caucasus mountains, it is at risk of extinction due to the over-collection of the flowers and bulbs.[15]

Cultivation

It was first grown in the UK in 1923.[4]

Due to its alpine origins, it prefers to grow in semi-shade in cool peat enriched soils.[16]

It is normally grown in a rock garden, alpine house or bulb frame.[5] In gardens it prefers humus-rich, porous soil in cool shade and does best if replanted each year after a fairly dry summer.

It has been remarked that this species is difficult to grow in a pot.[3]

Cultivars
Iris 'Katharine Hodgkin'

In 1960, E.B. Anderson created the hybrid of Iris histrioides and Iris winogradowii. He then named the plant after the wife of a fellow enthusiast, Eliot Hodgkin (mother of Sir Gordon Howard Eliot Hodgkin).[3] Iris Katharine Hodgkin has light blue standards and pale yellow falls.[17]

Iris 'Sheila Ann Germaney' is another hybrid between Iris histrioides and Iris winogradowii. It is similar to 'Katherine Hodgkin', with a paler blue tone and less yellow colouring.[3]

Iris 'Frank Elder' is a white form hybrid.[2]

References
  1. "Iris winogradowii Fomin". theplantlist.org. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  2. Taaffe, Gerald (November 2007). "Bulbs for the Rock Garden" (PDF). nargs.org. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  3. "Reticulata Irises". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
  4. Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.}
  5. Gren Lucas (editor)The IUCN Plant Red Data Book, p. 243, at Google Books
  6. "Iris winogradowii". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  7. "Iris winogradowii". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  8. Walters, Stuart Max (Editor)European Garden Flora: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated, p. 354, at Google Books
  9. "Iris (Iris winogradowii)". www.mnh.si.edu (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History). Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  10. "Iris winogradowii". rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  11. "Iris winogradowii AGM". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  12. British Iris Society A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 243, at Google Books
  13. "Iridodictyum winogradowii (Fomin) Rodion". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  14. "Rare, Endangered and Vulnerable Plants of the Republic of Georgia". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  15. Lyte, Charles (17 March 2001). "In focus: iris reticulata". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  16. "Reticulata Or Dwarf Bulbous Irises". www.herbs2000.com. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  17. Hoyland, John (22 February 2008). "Iris 'Katharine Hodgkin': How to grow". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 27 June 2014.

Other sources
  • Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR).
  • Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
  • Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 179.

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