Jack Unterweger

Jack Unterweger was born in 1950[1][2] to Theresia Unterweger, a Viennese barmaid and waitress, and Jack Becker, an American soldier whom she met in Trieste, Italy.[3] Some sources describe his mother as a sex worker.[4] Unterweger's mother was jailed for fraud while pregnant but was released and travelled to Graz, where he was born. After his mother was arrested again in 1953, Unterweger was sent to Carinthia to live with his grandfather,[3] who was known as a "rough fellow" who regularly used his grandson to help him steal farm animals.[5]

Unterweger was in and out of prison for much of his youth. He worked as a waiter, but between 1966 and 1974 he was convicted 16 times, mostly for theft-related offences, but also for pimping and sexual assault on a sex worker; he spent most of those eight years in jail.[6]

In 1974, Unterweger murdered 18-year-old German citizen Margaret Schäfer by strangling her with her own bra, and in 1976 he was convicted and sentenced to life in prison. While imprisoned, he wrote short stories, poems, plays, and an autobiography, Purgatory or The Trip to Prison – Report of a Guilty Man,[7] that later served as the basis for a documentary.[8]

In 1985, a campaign to pardon and release Unterweger from prison began. Austrian President Rudolf Kirchschläger (SPÖ/ÖVP) refused the petition when presented to him, citing the court-mandated minimum of 15 years in prison.[9] Writers, artists, journalists and politicians agitated for a pardon,[10] including the author and 2004 Nobel Prize winner Elfriede Jelinek; Günter Grass;[11] Peter Huemer;[12] and the editor of the magazine Manuskripte, Alfred Kolleritsch.[10]

Unterweger was released on 23 May 1990, after the required minimum 15 years of his life term. Upon his release, his autobiography was taught in schools and his stories for children were performed on Austrian radio. Unterweger himself hosted television programmes which discussed criminal rehabilitation,[13] and he worked as a reporter for the public broadcaster ORF, where he reported on stories concerning the very murders for which he was later found guilty.[10][11]

Law enforcement later found that Unterweger killed a young woman named Blanka Bockova in Czechoslovakia,[14][15] and seven more in Austria in 1990—Brunhilde Masser, aged 39; Heidi Hammerer, aged 31; Elfriede Schrempf, aged 35; Silvia Zagler, aged 23; Sabine Moitzl, aged 25; Karin Eroglu-Sladky, aged 25; Regina Prem, aged 32—in the first year after his release, all garroted with their bras.[14]

In 1991, Unterweger was hired by an Austrian magazine to write about crime in Los Angeles and the differences between U.S. and European attitudes to prostitution. Unterweger met local police, even going so far as to participate in a ride-along of the city's red light districts.[14] During Unterweger's time in Los Angeles, three sex workers—Shannon Exley, Irene Rodriguez, and Peggy Booth—were beaten, sexually assaulted with tree branches, and strangled with their own bras.[16]

In Austria, Unterweger was suggested as a suspect for the sex worker murders. In the absence of other suspects, police took a serious look at Unterweger and kept him under surveillance until he went to the United States—ostensibly as a reporter—observing nothing to connect him with the murders.

Police in Graz eventually had enough evidence to arrest Unterweger, but he had fled by the time they entered his home.[14] After law enforcement agencies chased him and his girlfriend, Bianca Mrak, through Switzerland, France, and the U.S., he was finally arrested by U.S. Marshals in Miami, Florida on 27 February 1992.[14] While a fugitive, he had called the Austrian media to try to convince them of his innocence.

Unterweger was extradited back to Austria on 27 May 1992, and charged with 11 murders, including one in Prague and three in Los Angeles.[14] The jury found him guilty of nine murders by a 6:2 majority (sufficient for a conviction under Austrian law at the time).[14] Based on psychiatric examination, Austrian psychiatrist Dr. Reinhard Haller diagnosed Unterweger with narcissistic personality disorder and presented his findings to the court on 20 June 1994.[17][18] On 29 June 1994, he was sentenced to life in prison without possibility of parole.[19]

That night, Unterweger committed suicide at Graz-Karlau Prison by hanging himself with a rope made from shoelaces and a cord from the trousers of a track suit, using the same knot that was found on all the strangled sex workers.[14][16]

Prior to his death, Unterweger had asserted his intention to seek an appeal, and therefore, under Austrian law, his guilty verdict was not considered legally binding after his death, as it has not been reviewed and confirmed by the court.[20]

In a 2008 performance, actor John Malkovich portrayed Unterweger's life in a performance entitled Seduction and Despair, which premiered at Barnum Hall in Santa Monica, California.[21] A fully staged version of the production, entitled The Infernal Comedy premiered in Vienna in July 2009. The show has since been performed throughout Europe, North America and South America.[22]

In 2015, Elisabeth Scharang directed a film called Jack about Unterweger.[23]

In 2016, Broad Green Pictures announced the development of a film version of the 2007 book Entering Hades, with Michael Fassbender attached to star.[24]

The story of the police investigation, pursuit and prosecution of Unterweger is the subject of an episode of The FBI Files titled "Killer Abroad" (Season 2, Episode 14). He is also the subject of an episode of Biography titled "Poet of Death".

Austrian musician Falco's controversial song "Jeanny (Part-I)" depicts a murder and rapist's thoughts, and its promotional video contains a number of references to crime scenes both real and fictional; while the "news break" in it (which is also heard in the song) refers in an oblique way to Unterweger, who was still in jail at the time of the single's release.

The Investigation Discovery Channel's true crime series Horror at the Cecil Hotel's premiere episode 1402 told Unterweger's story. The episode aired on Monday October 16, 2017.[25]

• List of serial killers by country
• List of serial killers by number of victims