Johann von Lutz

His parents were the teacher Josef Lutz (1801–1879) and his wife Magdalena Schedel (1809–1862), a daughter of the rural doctor Karl Schedel from Hammelburg. John Lutz studied law from 1843 to 1848 at the University of Würzburg. He participated in the drafting of the General German Commercial Code as a Bavarian delegate.

In 1867 he was Bavarian Justice Minister, 1869 Minister of Culture and as such involved in the Bavarian Kulturkampf to enforce the supremacy of the state over the church. After the resignation of the Council of Ministers Chairman Pfretzschner, which had been enforced by the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck, Lutz took over this position he retained until his death. His successor as prime minister was Friedrich Krafft von Crailsheim.

Lutz was a key figure in the overthrow of King Ludwig II. In March 1886 he commissioned Bernhard von Gudden, a specialist in brain anatomy, to issue an opinion on the King's mental state. Johann Lutz was in 1866 ennobled personally, he was awarded the hereditary peerage in 1880, he was raised to baronship in 1884.