John Leonard (judge)

Leonard was born in 1926 in either Poole, Dorset,[2] or Swindon, Wiltshire.[5] His father owned a confectionery factory.[5] He was educated at Dean Close School, Cheltenham. He joined the Coldstream Guards on leaving school in 1944, and served in Germany during World War II. After the war, he remained in Germany where he was involved in courts-martial. He left the army in 1947, having attained the rank of captain. He then received a bachelor's degree in law from Brasenose College, Oxford.[2][5]

Leonard was called to the bar in 1951. He entered the chambers of John Buzzard and specialised in criminal cases. He generally though not invariably appeared for the prosecution. In 1964, he became the central criminal court's second junior prosecuting counsel, and took silk in 1969.[2][5] His Telegraph obituary describes him as a "shrewd prosecutor and deadly cross-examiner", adding that his style was "fair and understated, precise rather than flamboyant."[5] As a barrister, he was involved in the prosecutions of Emil Savundra for fraud, of the Kray brothers for the murders of Frank Mitchell and Jack McVitie, of Graham Young for poisoning several colleagues with thallium in their tea, and of George Ince and others for the so-called "Barn Murder" of Muriel Patience. He also repeatedly defended Patrick Armstrong, one of the Guildford Four, whose conviction for the Woolwich and Guildford pub bombings was eventually overturned.[2][3][5]

He was appointed successively deputy chair of the Surrey quarter sessions (1969–71), recorder (1972–78), circuit judge (1978) and common sergeant of the Old Bailey (1979). In 1981, he became a High Court judge of the Queen's Bench Division, an unusual step for a criminal law specialist. He frequently presided over criminal cases at the Court of Appeal.[2][5] His Telegraph obituary states that he showed "all the hallmarks of a good judge: humanity, understanding, patience, tolerance – and firmness when needed. A master of language, his judgments were elegantly phrased and word-perfect, even though they tended to be delivered ex tempore."[5]

He is best known for presiding at the trial of the Ealing vicarage case in 1987, a burglary in which two of the criminals raped Jill Saward at knifepoint; her father and another man were also seriously assaulted. Leonard gave Saward's rapists what were perceived to be lenient sentences for rape – especially in comparison with the sentence for aggravated burglary received by the group's ringleader, who had not participated in the rape.[2][3][4][5] His actions were condemned by women's groups and others, with his comment that "the trauma suffered by the victim was not so great" being particularly castigated.[2][5] The criminologist Anthony Bottoms suggests that Leonard made an "inferential error" based on Saward's "dignified demeanour in court";[6] he also draws attention to the fact that much of the evidence later available about her long-term medical and psychological problems was not presented in court.[7] James Morton, writing in The Guardian, considered that the "repeated and humiliating criticism ... hurt [Leonard] deeply."[2] In Leonard's speech on his retirement, he apologised to Saward[3][5] and referred to his conduct in the case as a "blemish – I make no bones about it".[5]

As a High Court judge, Leonard also presided over the initial trial of Kiranjit Ahluwalia for the murder of her husband, a conviction later overturned. He was also one of the Court of Appeal judges in the unsuccessful appeal by the M25 Three; their convictions were later overturned.[2] Outside court, he chaired the criminal bar association, advised the Home Secretary on restricted patients (1973–79), and served on the Judicial Studies Board, as well as on a committee that reviewed the obscenity and censorship laws.[2]

He met his wife Doreen (Dinkie) Parker in Germany during the war; she was in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. They married in 1948, and the couple had a son and a daughter. They lived at Merstham in Surrey. He retired in November 1993, after experiencing problems with his eyesight. His wife died in 1996, after an accident in Cyprus. Leonard died in 2002.[2][3][5]

Source

• Anthony Bottoms. Hearing the Victim: Adversarial Justice, Crime Victims and the State (Routledge; 2010) (ISBN 1317436784)