John Magruder (Brigadier General)
John L. Magruder (June 3, 1887 – April 30, 1958) was a Brigadier general in the U.S. Army. Among his offices was that of Deputy Director for Intelligence for the Office of Strategic Services.
John Magruder | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Director of the Strategic Services Unit | |
| In office October 1, 1945 – April 3, 1946 | |
| President | Harry Truman |
| Preceded by | William Donovan (Office of Strategic Services) |
| Succeeded by | William W. Quinn |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 3, 1887 Woodstock, Virginia, U.S. |
| Died | April 30, 1958 (aged 70) Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Resting place | Arlington National Cemetery |
| Education | Virginia Military Institute (BA) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  United States |
| Branch/service |  United States Army |
| Years of service | 1910–1946 |
| Rank |  Brigadier General |
| Battles/wars | World War I World War II |
| Awards | Army Distinguished Service Medal |
Biography
John Magruder was born on June 3, 1887, in Woodstock, Virginia. He attended Virginia Military Institute and graduated in 1909. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in infantry in 1910. He was transferred to the field artillery branch of the army in the next year.
During World War I, Magruder served with the 112th Field Artillery within the American Expeditionary Forces in France.
After the war Magruder was transferred to China, where he was appointed an assistant military attaché in Beijing. He served in this capacity until 1924, when he was assigned for study at Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. After his graduation, Magruder was transferred back to Beijing, now in the new capacity of military attaché.
During World War II Magruder served in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), as deputy director under the leadership of General William J. Donovan. After the war, the OSS was disbanded. Core elements of it, however, were maintained in the new Strategic Services Unit (SSU), located in the then Department of War. This newly formed SSU was led by General Magruder.[1][2][3][4] Magruder played a formative role in the creation of the civilian Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in 1947,[5] which absorbed the SSU.
Decorations
Notes
- L. L. Montague, Walter Bedell Smith as Director of Central Intelligence (2014), p. 21 (Magruder at OSS).
- Peer de Silva, Sub Rosa. The CIA and the uses of intelligence (1978), p. 4 (Magruder at OSS, SSU).
- John Ranelagh, The Agency (1986), pp. 100-101 (Magruder at OSS, SSU).
- Thomas Powers, The Man who kept the Secrets. Richard Helms and the CIA (1979), p. 28 (Magruder at SSU).
- Prados, John (2006). Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA. Ivan R. Dee. p. xxiv. ISBN 9781615780112.
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by William Donovan as Director of the Office of Strategic Services |
Director of the Strategic Services Unit 1945–1946 |
Succeeded by William W. Quinn |