Josef Prokop Pražák

Born in Hořiněves he spent much of his life in Bohemia but also lived in Vienna, Edinburgh and for some time in Ukraine serving in the army. Because of problems in his research including the publication of false information and the submission of stolen specimens with fake data, much of his work remains under a cloud of uncertainty.

Prazak researched the wild horses of the Ethiopian region at the University of Edinburgh between 1896 and 1897. He described the subspecies Equus quagga zambeziensis in his Edinburgh manuscript of 1898 (unpublished) which was cited by Trouessart who also noted the author for the name zambeziensis as Pražák.[1] He published numerous works in ornithology but a lot of his work was doubted even during his lifetime. His records of the birds of Galicia included rarities and included a mass of collections that simply could not have been collected in the time period mentioned and it was noted by von Tschusi[2] and Lorenz von Liburnau that there was no way he could have collected in some of the places in which he obtained some specimens[3] and has subsequently come to be recognized as fraudulent. He was requested to respond to the statements made against his observations by Lorenz von Liburnau and he failed to respond.[4] He described many fake species of bird including Vanellus grisescens which he claimed was collected by Richard Materna in northern Chile and Trochalopteron hennickei supposedly collected by Jaworowski from the Hunan Province of China. He also contributed a paper on bird migration with arrival dates for species in eastern Bohemia. His data covered more than a hundred years and this was submitted to the Hungarian journal Aquila but was suspected to be fraudulent and not published. Like Richard Meinertzhagen he too stole specimens from museums and resubmitted them with altered labels. Ernst Bauernfeind, a curator at the Natural History Museum at Vienna (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, NHMW) found that a Bohemian specimen of Prunella montanella (NHMW 11423) that Pražák submitted matched details to a specimen collected by Dybowski at Kultuk, Lake Baikal, which had gone missing.[5][6] Otto Kleinschmidt, who had corresponded with and had noted various inaccuracies in information provided by Pražák, concluded in his obituary that the latter suffered from kleptomania and that he was possibly mentally ill. Pražák returned from Edinburgh, got married and taught in private schools for a while and briefly took part in political agitations. He died of tuberculosis and few ornithological journals covered his death.[7][8]