KASH domains

KASH domains are conserved C-terminal protein regions less than ~30 amino acids. KASH is an acronym for Klarsicht, ANC-1, Syne Homology. KASH domains always follow a transmembrane domain. Most proteins containing KASH domains are thought to be involved in the positioning of the nucleus in the cell.[1] KASH domains interact with proteins containing SUN domains in the space between the outer and inner nuclear membranes to bridge the nuclear envelope, and may transfer force from the nucleoskeleton to the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton and enable mechanosensory roles in cells.[2][3] KASH proteins are thought to largely localize to the outer nuclear membrane, although there are reports of inner nuclear membrane localization of some KASH protein isoforms.[4]

Nuclear envelope localisation domain
Identifiers
SymbolKASH
PfamPF10541
InterProIPR012315

Examples of KASH proteins

Caenorhabditis elegans

  • UNC-83
  • ANC-1
  • ZYG-12

Mammals

  • Nesprins-1, 2, 3 and 4 (also called Synes, Mynes, Nuance, Enaptin)

Drosophila melanogaster

  • Klarsicht
  • MSP-300

References
  1. Wilhelmsen K, Ketema M, Truong H, Sonnenberg A (December 2006). "KASH-domain proteins in nuclear migration, anchorage and other processes". Journal of Cell Science. 119 (Pt 24): 5021–9. doi:10.1242/jcs.03295. PMID 17158909.
  2. Uzer G, Thompson WR, Sen B, Xie Z, Yen SS, Miller S, Bas G, Styner M, Rubin CT, Judex S, Burridge K, Rubin J (June 2015). "Cell Mechanosensitivity to Extremely Low-Magnitude Signals Is Enabled by a LINCed Nucleus". Stem Cells. 33 (6): 2063–76. doi:10.1002/stem.2004. PMC 4458857. PMID 25787126.
  3. Wilhelmsen K, Litjens SH, Kuikman I, Tshimbalanga N, Janssen H, van den Bout I, Raymond K, Sonnenberg A (December 2005). "Nesprin-3, a novel outer nuclear membrane protein, associates with the cytoskeletal linker protein plectin". The Journal of Cell Biology. 171 (5): 799–810. doi:10.1083/jcb.200506083. PMC 2171291. PMID 16330710.
  4. Starr DA, Fischer JA (November 2005). "KASH 'n Karry: the KASH domain family of cargo-specific cytoskeletal adaptor proteins". BioEssays. 27 (11): 1136–46. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.549.3970. doi:10.1002/bies.20312. PMID 16237665. S2CID 21940868.
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