Khalil Amine

Khalil Amine (born 1962) is a materials scientist at Argonne National Laboratory outside Chicago, Illinois. Amine is an Argonne distinguished fellow[1] and leader of the Advanced Lithium Battery Technology group at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory. His team is focused [2] on the research and development of advanced battery systems with applications in HEV, PHEV, and EV. Amine is an adjunct professor at Stanford University[3] and at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University.[4]

Khalil Amine
Born (1962-12-01) December 1, 1962
Morocco
Alma materUniversity of Bordeaux
OrganizationArgonne National Laboratory, Stanford University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Known fordevelopment of advanced battery materials, specifically lithium-air, lithium-sulfur, and gradient NMC cathodes
Websitehttps://www.anl.gov/profile/khalil-amine

Amine is noted as the co-inventor of NMC, a cathode technology licensed and mass produced by manufacturers including BASF and Toda. Amine has also published over 586 peer-reviewed papers[5] on the field, which have been cited nearly 50,000 times. For his contributions, Amine was awarded the Global Energy Prize in 2019, and Scientific American's Top Worldwide 50 Research Leader Award in 2003.[6]

Amine has advised[7] the National Academy of Sciences’ National Research Council on battery-related technology. He is a fellow[8] of the Electrochemical Society. Amine is chairman[9] of the Automotive Lithium Battery Association[10] as well as founder of the Advanced Lithium Battery for Automotive Application (ABAA) global conference.

Early career and education

Amine holds[4] a Ph.D. in materials science and a master's degree in chemistry. He received both degrees[4] from the University of Bordeaux in France. After completing his doctorate in 1989, Amine did his postdoctoral studies at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium. Moving to Japan in the early 1990s, [4] Amine held various positions at Japan Storage Battery Company, the Osaka National Research Institute, and Kyoto University, before moving to Argonne National Laboratory in 1998. Amine has served as a visiting or adjunct professor at several major research universities around the world, including[4] Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Hanyang University and Peking University.

Research

Lithium-Ion battery Cathode Materials

Amine has been developing cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries since working at Japan Battery Storage in Kyoto, Japan. in 1996, Amine was part of a team at Japan Battery Storage that developed[11] LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, a cathode often called '5V spinel". When paired with a graphite anode, a cell with high energy density can be realized.

At Argonne National Laboratory in 2005, Amine, Michael M. Thackeray, Jaekook Kim, and Christopher Johnson reported the invention of the LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NMC) cathode technology, now widely used in consumer electronics and electric vehicles.[12] NMC technology has been incorporated into multiple batteries types around the world including those that power GM's Chevy Volt and Bolt. [13] [14][15][16][17]

In collaboration with Hanyang University, Amine was part of a team that created a full gradient concentration cathode (FCG).[18] The cathode is an advanced version of the NMC cathode technology and has multiple compositions[19] across each particle to increase both energy and stability at high voltage. [18]

Lithium-air Batteries based on Superoxide

Amine, in association with researchers from Hanyang University, the University of Louisville,the University of Utah, and the University of Illinois at Chicago reported [20] a superoxide-based Lithium-air-type battery system that could, in theory, deliver three times more energy current lithium-ion batteries.[21] In contrast to more commonly studied air-based systems, the new discovery is based on a closed oxygen system. Since it does not need access to air (oxygen) a significant simplification of the purification and storage system is envisioned. The system stores energy in the couple going from superoxide (O2-) anion to the peroxide (O2-2) anion. The net reaction is (LiO2 +Li –-> Li2O2).[22]

Lithium-sulfur Shuttles

A long-standing issue undermining the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is polysulfide shuttling, a phenomenon whereby lithium-sulfur compounds dissolve from the partially discharged cathode into the electrolyte. Amine was part of the research team with the University of Maryland that [23] overcome the shuttle effect by adding[24] selenium as a dopant to the system. When done in association with a fluorinated electrolyte, a significant reduction in the transport of sulfide anions to the anode side of the cell was observed.

Honors and awards
  • Global Energy Prize, 2019[25]
  • Electrochemical Society Battery Research Award, 2019[26]
  • International coalition for energy storage and innovation award, 2019
  • Elsevier Energy Storage Material Journal Award, Shenzhen, October 2018[27]
  • Named Highly-Cited Researcher in 2017,[28] 2018[29] and 2019[30] by Clarivate Analytics
  • Named one of most cited authors in energy storage between 1998 and 2008 by ScienceWatch[31]
  • NAATBatt Lifetime Achievement Award, 2017[32]
  • US Department of Energy Outstanding Scientist Award, 2013
  • International Battery Association Award (2010)
  • Electrochemical Society Battery Technology Award, 2010[33]
  • US Federal Laboratory Award for Excellence in Technology Transfer (2009)
  • University of Chicago's Board of Governors’ Distinguished Performance Award, 2008[34]
  • Scientific American Top Worldwide 50 Research Leader Award, 2003[6]

Memberships and service
  • Served in the board[35] of the Committee on fuel economy of light duty vehicles of the National Academy of Sciences’ National Research Council
  • Fellow of the Electrochemical Society, 2017[8]
  • Fellow of the[36] Hong Kong Hong Kong Institute of Advanced Studies
  • Member of the American Ceramic Society
  • Member of the Material Research Society
  • Member of the American Chemical Society
  • Chair of the International Meeting on Lithium Batteries[37]
  • Associate Editor of Nano Energy Journal[38]
  • Founded the International Conference on Advanced Lithium Batteries for Automotive Applications (ABAA)[10] and chaired the conference from 2009 through 2012
  • President of IMLB association

Select Patents
  • US patent US6420069B2,[11] positive electrode for lithium battery
  • US patent US7468223B2,[19] lithium metal oxide electrodes for lithium cells and batteries
  • US8591774B2,[22] Methods for preparing materials for lithium ion batteries
  • US patent US9593413B2,[39] Composite materials for battery applications

References
  1. "Five scientists join ranks of Argonne Distinguished Fellows". www.anl.gov. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  2. "Technology Development".
  3. "Khalil Amine | Adjunct Professor". mse.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  4. "Khalil Amine". anl.gov/profile/khalil-amine. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  5. "Khalil Amine". scholar.google.com/citations. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  6. "The 2003 Scientific American 50 List of Winners". www.scientificamerican.com. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  7. "Analysis Used by Federal Agencies to Set Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Standards for U.S. Cars Was Generally of High Quality". www.nationalacademies.org. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  8. "Four Argonne researchers appointed fellows of scientific societies". www.anl.gov. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  9. "Advanced Lithium Batteries for Automobile Applications ABAA 12". www.abaa12.org. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  10. "Argonne hosts 1st Int'l Conference on Advanced Lithium Batteries for Automotive Applications Sept. 15-17". www.anl.gov. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  11. "Positive electrode for lithium battery". patft.uspto.gov. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  12. "Argonne Lab's Breakthrough Cathode Technology Powers Electric Vehicles of Today". www.energy.gov. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
  13. "Argonne's Battery Tech: A Government Licensing Success Story". www.greentechmedia.com. Retrieved 2011-02-25.
  14. "Argonne's lithium-ion battery technology to be commercialized by Japan's Toda Kogyo". www.access.anl.gov/. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
  15. "Argonne's lithium-ion battery technology to be commercialized by BASF". www.access.anl.gov/. Retrieved 2009-06-03.
  16. "Argonne's NMC Cathode". www.access.anl.gov/. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  17. "GM's New Battery Chemistry? It's Already In the Chevy Volt". www.popsci.com/. Retrieved 2011-01-11.
  18. Amine, Khalil; Chen, Zonghai; Yang-Kook, Sun; Hung-Joo, Noh; Dong-Ju, Lee; Hun-Gi, Jung; Yang, Ren; Wang, Steve; Chong Seung, Yoon; Seung-Taek, Myung (October 2012). "Nanostructured high-energy cathode materials for advanced lithium batteries". Nature Materials. 11 (10): 942–947. Bibcode:2012NatMa..11..942S. doi:10.1038/nmat3435. ISSN 1745-2481. PMID 23042415.
  19. "Lithium metal oxide electrodes for lithium cells and batteries". patft.uspto.gov. Retrieved 2008-12-23.
  20. Amine, Khalil; Jun, Lu; Yun Jung, Lee; Asadi, Mohammed; Hsien-Hau, Wang; Brombosz, Scott; Jianguo, Wen; Dengyun, Zhai; Zonghai, Chen; Miller, Dean; Yo Sub, Jeong; Park, Jin-bum; Fang, Zhigang Zak; Kumar, Bijandra; Sun, Yang-Kook; Curtis, Larry (2007-01-11). "A lithium–oxygen battery based on lithium superoxide". Nature. 529 (1): 377–382. doi:10.1038/nature16484. ISSN 1745-2481. PMID 26751057. S2CID 4452883.
  21. "Joi Matthew | This Lithium-Air Battery Has 5 Times the Energy Density of Conventional Lithium-Ion Batteries". www.futurism.com. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
  22. "Methods for preparing materials for lithium ion batteries". patft.uspto.gov. Retrieved 2013-11-26.
  23. Abouimrane, Ali; Amine, Khalil (2012-02-25). "A New Class of Lithium and Sodium Rechargeable Batteries Based on Selenium and Selenium–Sulfur as a Positive Electrode". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (10): 4505–4508. doi:10.1021/ja211766q. PMID 22364225.
  24. Amine, Khalil; Gui‐Liang, Xu; Hui, Sun; Chao, Luo; Estevez, Luis; Zhuang, Minghao; Gao, Han; Amine, Rachid; Wang, Hao; Zhang, Xiaoyi; Sun, Cheng‐Jun; Liu, Yuzi; Yang, Ren; Heald, Steve; Wang, Chunsheng; Chen, Zonghai (2018-11-14). "Solid‐State Lithium/Selenium–Sulfur Chemistry Enabled via a Robust Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase". Nature. 11 (11): 377–382. doi:10.1002/aenm.201802235.
  25. "Khalil Amine receives the Electrochemical Society Battery Research Award". globalenergyprize.org. Retrieved 2019-10-19.
  26. "Battery Division Research Award". www.electrochem.org. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  27. "2018 Winners Announced: EnSM Journal Award and EnSM Young Scientist Award". journals.elsevier.com. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  28. "Argonne Scientists Recognized for a Decade of Breakthroughs". federallabs.org. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  29. "2018 Most Cited Researchers – Did You Make the List?". electrochem.org. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  30. "Highly Cited Researchers". recognition.webofsciencegroup.com. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  31. "Christopher King | Energy Gauge: Who Exactly Is In Power?" (PDF).
  32. "Rick Winter Honored with NAATBatt Lifetime Acheivement [sic] Award". www.uetechnologies.com. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  33. "Battery Division Technology Award". www.electrochem.org. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  34. "Lisa La Vallee | University to honor Argonne scientists, other employees with awards". chronicle.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  35. "Analysis Used by Federal Agencies to Set Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Standards for U.S. Cars Was Generally of High Quality; Some Technologies and Issues Should Be Re-examined". www.nationalacademies.org/. Retrieved 2015-06-18.
  36. "Khalil Amine | IAS Senior Visiting Fellow". ias.ust.hk. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  37. "International Organizing Committee". www.imlb.org. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  38. "Nano Energy - Editorial Board". www.journals.elsevier.com. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  39. "Composite materials for battery applications". patft.uspto.gov. Retrieved 2017-03-14.
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