Kielmeyera variabilis

Kielmeyera variabilis (malva-do-campo or pau santo) is tree growing to a height of 3–6 meters, found in savannah regions of eastern and central Brazil (the Cerrado).[1] K. variabilis is traditionally used in folk medicine to treat tropical diseases including schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, malaria, as well as fungal and bacterial infections.[2]

Kielmeyera variabilis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Calophyllaceae
Genus: Kielmeyera
Species:
K. variabilis
Binomial name
Kielmeyera variabilis

K. variabilis has been shown to contain three flavonols and a biflavone known to show antioxidant activity: quercitrin, quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside; and podocarpusflavone A (the biflavone).[3]

In 2019 a new acylphoroglucinol isolated from the branches of the tree showed activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).[4]

Notes
  1. Ken Fern (2020). "Kielmeyera variabilis". Tropical Plants Database. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  2. Alves TMA, Silva AF, Brandão M, Grandi TSM, Smânia EF, Smânia Jr A, Zani CL 2000. Biological screening of Brazilian medicinal plants. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 95: 367-373.
  3. Coqueiro, Aline; Regasini, Luis; Skrzek, Scheila; Queiroz, Marcos; Silva, Dulce; da Silva Bolzani, Vanderlan (2013). "Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Kielmeyera variabilis (Clusiaceae)". Molecules. 18 (2): 2376–2385. doi:10.3390/molecules18022376. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 6270038. PMID 23429348.
  4. Coqueiro, Aline; Choi, Young H.; Verpoorte, Robert; Gupta, Karthick B. S. S.; De Mieri, Maria; Hamburger, Matthias; Young, Maria C. M.; Stapleton, Paul; Gibbons, Simon; Bolzani, Vanderlan da S. (2016). "Antistaphylococcal Prenylated Acylphoroglucinol and Xanthones from Kielmeyera variabilis". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (3): 470–476. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00858. ISSN 0163-3864. PMID 26900954.

References
  • Por, F.D. (2002). The Pantanal of Mato Grosso (Brazil): World's Largest Wetlands (Monographiae Biologicae). Springer. ISBN 0-7923-3481-7.
  • Raffauf, Robert F. (1996). Plant Alkaloids: A Guide to Their Discovery and Distribution. Food Products Press. ISBN 1-56022-860-1.


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